Download Chapter 4 Study Guide Physical Science 1. The word atom comes

Chapter 4 Study Guide
Physical Science
1. The word atom comes from a Greek word that means “unable to be
____________________.”
2. Halogens are very reactive elements located in Group _______of the periodic table.
3. The nucleus of an atom has a(n) ____________________ electric charge.
4. Carbon is found in group ______ of the periodic table.
5. Bohr’s model of the atom compares electrons to ____________________.
6. Elements that are found on the “stair case” are known as ___________.
7. The order of elements in the periodic table is based on the number of
____________________ in the nucleus.
8. The element, Xenon, has how many valence electrons in its outershell?
9. Some elements are highly ____________________ because their outermost
energy levels are only partially filled.
10. Isotopes of an element have the same atomic ____________________ but
different atomic ____________________.
11. How many valence electrons are in the element Lithium?
12. The ____________________ are located in the center of the periodic table.
13. Calculate the number of neutrons in an element of Sulphur.
14. Noble gases are nonreactive gaseous elements that are located in Group
____________________ of the periodic table.
15. The ____________________ is the SI unit that is used for counting small
particles, such as atoms.
16. Calculate the number of neutrons in an atom of Chlorine.
17. The molar mass of krypton is 83.80 g/mol. The mass of 5.00 mol of krypton is
____________________ g.
18. Neutrons and protons are found in the ____________________ of an atom.
19. Dalton’s atomic theory stated that every element was made of atoms that could not be subdivided,
atoms of the same element are alike, and
____________________________________________________________________________.
20. You have 7.0 mol of chromium, which has a molar mass of approximately 50 g/mol. What is the mass
in grams of this amount of chromium?
21. The average atomic mass of potassium is approximately 39 amu. What is the mass of 4.0 mol of
potassium?
22. According to Bohr’s model of the atom, electrons behave like______________.
23. The order of elements in the periodic table is based on______________.
24. If the atomic mass of carbon is 12 amu, 1 mole of pure carbon will have a mass of__________.
25. A mole is an SI base unit that describes the___________.
26. Ionization refers to the process of____________.
27. Group 18 noble gases are inert because___________.
28. Oxygen’s atomic number is 8. This means that an oxygen atom has ___________.
29. Which statement about an element’s average atomic mass is correct?
a. It is determined by counting the number of isotopes in a sample of the element.
b. It is equal to one-twelfth the mass of the most common isotope.
c. It is a weighted average, so common isotopes have a greater effect than uncommon ones.
d. It is based on an isotope’s charge, so negatively charged isotopes have a greater effect than
positive ones.
30. Alkali metals are _________.