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The Crusades 1095-1289 Life in Early Middle Ages- decentralized Government, warfare, cultural isolation, famine and poor living conditions; poor trade and inefficient agriculture. AD. 11 things were improving I. II. III. Crusades- _______________________ by Europeans Christians in the ___________________ to regain the __________________ from the ___________________. a. Over the city of _________________ Jerusalem- Holy city for people of _________ faiths a. ___________ -Zion, God’s own city and the site of ____________ temple b. Christians- Place where _______________________________________________________ c. Muslims- __________________ascended into heaven from __________________________ 1st Crusade 1096-1099 a. November 1095 _________________- speech asking for volunteer army to take _____________ and _______________ from the _______________. “Deus Vult!”= God’s will it i. ___________- welcomed the opportunity to use their _____________________ ii. Peasants- freed from _______________ bonds while on the Crusade iii. Everyone was promised ________________________________ in heaven if they were killed freeing the Holy Land from non- Christians. iv. Other wanted _______________and the possibility of ______________ v. Marks period of Christian ________________ of the Jews Do you agree with Pope Urban II speech?__________ why?_________________________________________ IV. b. 1096- _________ armies of Crusaders knights and ___________________ traveled separately from W. Europe to Med. Sea, killing _________ on the way c. Armies met in __________________________ in 1097 d. Went to ______________________(1099) e. 2 month siege and ________________________ fell f. Crusaders swarmed city and massacred __________________ and ________________ inhabitants g. Success of 1st Crusade reinforced the authority of the Church and strengthened self-confidence of W. Europeans- knights returned home nd 2 Crusade 1147-1149 a. ___________after 1st Crusade, the __________________ conquered part of the Crusader states in Palestine b. Pope______________________ called for a 2nd Crusade c. 2nd Crusade was __________________- defeated by the Seljuks V. VI. VII. 3rd Crusade- “Crusade of the Kings” 1189-1192 a. ____________________- united Muslims forces and captured Jerusalem in 1187 b. Holy Roman Emperor Fredrick Barbarossa- ________________________ Assembled c. King Philip Augustus- _______________ warriors for 3rd d. ___________________________- England Crusade i. “Crusade of Kings” lasted from ____________________- not successful Barbarossa died on the way to __________________- army returned home _____________________ returned to France _________________ continued alone- won several battles, but could not win a decisive victory over ________________- fought for three years- Richard signed a truce with the Muslims and tried to persuade Saladin to return ____________________ to the Christians- Saladin refused, but allowed Christian ____________ access. th 4 Crusade 1202-1204 a. ______________ attacked Constantinople- burned libraries, destroyed _______________ and stole treasure b. Weakens ___________________________ (making possible a later Muslim invasion) c. Lasting _____________ between Eastern Orthodox world and Roman Catholics Effects a. _______________________________ failed to gain control of Palestine b. Helped breakdown ____________________ and increase authority of the king c. Broaden ___________________ views of the world d. ____________________ learned how to build better ships, make accurate maps, and use a magnetic compass