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Summary Notes & Study Guide for Chapter 11
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The Evolution of Populations
11.1 Genetic Variation within Populations
Georgia Standards: SB2.c; SB2.d (refer to pg. 328 in the text)
Based on the standards listed above, write a 2-4 sentences summary that
describes what tasks or concepts you should be able to complete, explain, or
perform at the end of this section
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
Vocabulary Review (define the vocabulary listed below, you know these words
from a previous unit)
 Genotype: ____________________________________________
 Phenotype: ____________________________________________
 Allele: _______________________________________________
Where is genetic variation stored in a population? ___________________
An _________ _____________ is a measure of how common a certain
allele is in a gene pool.
Using figure 11.1 on pg. 329 in your text, practice the steps to calculating
allele frequencies:
1. Count the number of times an allele occurs in the gene pool.
2. Then divide that number by total number of ALL ALLELES.
7 G’s in the gene pool; 5 g’s in the gene pool; 12 total alleles
What is the allele frequency for recessive alleles? Show the fraction ______
What is the allele frequency for dominant alleles? Show the fraction ______
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Consider a population of flowers that may be white or shaded. Look at the
figure below for the ALLELE FREQUENCY in the population.
ss
Ss
SS
ss
ss
SS
SS
Ss
What is the total number of alleles shown? _____
What is the allele frequency for recessive alleles? Show the fraction _____
What is the allele frequency for dominant alleles? Show the fraction _____
Use the diagram below to list the two main sources of genetic variation.
Include a description of those two sources.
Genetic Variation
(has two main sources)
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11.2 Natural Selection in Populations
Georgia Standards: SB5.d (refer to pg. 330 in the text)
Based on the standards listed above, write a 1-2 sentence(s) summary that
describes what tasks or concepts you should be able to complete, explain, or
perform at the end of this section
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
Vocabulary Review (define the vocabulary listed below, you know these words
from a previous unit or another subject area)
 Mean: _______________________________________________
 Natural selection: ______________________________________
Read the section on page 330 with the following heading NATURAL
SELECTION ACTS ON DISTRIBUTIONS OF TRAITS
In a crowd of 100,000 people, would you expect the mean height to be short,
medium, or tall? _____________
In _____________ ________________ natural selection favors
individuals with the average phenotype.
Use figure 11.2 on page 330 to draw a graph of the BELL SHAPED curve
that results from this type of distribution; include the labels.
3
Natural Selection can change the distribution of traits in three ways.
What are they?
1. __________________________
2. __________________________
3. __________________________
____________________ Selection (page 331)
 It favors what type of phenotype? (circle your answer)
a. 1 extreme/rare phenotype
b. intermediate/average phenotype
c. 2 extreme/rare phenotypes
Use figure 11.3 on page 331 to draw a graph of the SHIFTING curve that
results from this type of distribution; include the labels.
What does the dashed line represent? _______________________
What does the solid represent? ____________________________
**You will notice the dashed line and solid line on the graphs in the next examples**
Review the example of this type of selection in your textbook.
 What organism is involved? _______________________________
 Describe
what
happens
in
this
example:
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
4
___________________ Selection (page 332)
 It favors what type of phenotype? (circle your answer)
a. intermediate/average phenotype
b. 2 extreme/rare phenotypes
c. 1 extreme/rare phenotype
Use figure 11.5 on page 332 to draw a graph of the SHRINKING curve that
results from this type of distribution; include the labels.
Review the example of this type of selection in your textbook.
 What 3 organisms are involved?
______________________________________________________
 Describe
what
happens
in
this
example:
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
What is the effect that this selection has on genetic diversity?
_________________________________________________________
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___________________ Selection (page 333)
 It favors what type of phenotype? (circle your answer)
a. 1 extreme/rare phenotype
b. 2 extreme/rare phenotypes
c. intermediate/average phenotype
Use figure 11.6 on page 333 to draw a graph of the WAVE curve that results
from this type of distribution; include the labels.
Review the example of this type of selection in your textbook.
 What organism is involved? ___________________________________
 What two phenotypes are selected?
1. _______________________________
2. _______________________________
 Describe
what
happens
in
this
example:
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
What is the intermediate phenotype? ____________________________
What happens to the intermediate phenotype?
_________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
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