Download Name: Hour: ______ UNIT 2 – Genetics and Diversity Study Guide

Name: _________________________________ Hour: ______
UNIT 2 – Genetics and Diversity
Study Guide Questions
1. Adaptations
a. Know the difference between structural and behavioral adaptations:
i. Structural:
ii. Behavioral:
b. EXAMPLE: Squirrels in our Neighborhood
i. What is a structural adaptation of a squirrel, and how does it help the squirrel survive and
reproduce?
ii. What is a behavioral adaptation of a squirrel, and how does it help the squirrel survive and
reproduce?
c. There is a population of mice that are 3 different sizes – small, medium and large. The large mice are
easily seen by predators, and the small mice have a difficult time finding food. What will most likely
happen to the population after many generations?
d. If a population of bunnies, some with black fur and some with white fur, are introduced into a field with
black dirt. What would you expect to happen to the bunny population over many generations?
2. A population of Walkingsticks lived in the Minnesota forest. Before 2000, the forest was full of green trees and
shrubs. After 2000, the forest was overrun by weeds and caused all the green tress and shrubs to die and turn
the forest brown.
Here is a data table with information about the Walkingstick population.
Year
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
Walkingstick Colors
Green
Brown
43
7
32
20
11
37
9
40
7
43
6
42
A. Describe what has happened to the green Walkingstick population since 2000.
B. What factors caused the population to change, and why did the changes take place.
USE THE WORDS: Natural Selection, Selective Pressure, Variation, Genes, Time, Survive, and Reproduce.
3. Name the parts of the cell. Choose from nucleus, cell membrane, DNA, chromosome, allele and gene.
4. Define the following words.
a. dominant –
b. recessive c. traits –
d. allele –
e. chromosome –
f. gene –
g. Punnett Square –
5. Genes are passed on from one generation to the next. What percent of genes does an offspring receive from the
mother? _______
father? ________
6. Explain selective breeding. Be sure to write about the idea of time and why people choose to selectively breed a
species.
7. Use the cladogram on the right to answer the questions.
a. What is the oldest species?
b. What is the newest characteristic?
c. What organism is closely related to a perch?
d. Which organisms have fur and mammary glands?
8. List the 5 characteristics of an arthropod.
9. Which of the 3 fossils is an arthropod? Give evidence for your answer.