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Transcript
Give 3 examples of emergent phenomena in subatomic physics Some answers proposed: • BEC, superfluidity, superconductivity, quantum Hall effect • Many body phenomena governed by Pauli principle • Phase transitions (crystal lattice), symmetry breaking, Higgs mechanism, shape coexistence, crustal structures • Temperature, surface tension • Periodic table • Binding energy, shell structure and magic numbers • Molecular and nuclear shapes, collective modes • Cluster states • Particles, proton spin, particle mass, EMC effect • Quark-gluon fluid • Times comes about because of the nature of entanglement • Classical mechanics emerges from quantum mechanics The “Brief History” ends in 2008. What would you add to the list? 1907: Rutherford and Royds proved that alpha particles were helium ions 1921: discovery of nuclear isomerism by Hahn (234mPa) 1936: discovery of Tc (Technetium) by Perrier and Serge (τεχνητός = “artificial”); it was the first element to be artificially produced 1938: Nuclear magnetic resonance described and measured by Rabi 1940: neutron's magnetic moment directly measured by Alvarez and Bloch in Berkeley 1960: mechanism of spontaneous broken symmetry in subatomic physics by Nambu 1964: Higgs boson proposed 2010: antihydrogen trapped in CERN 2012: Higgs boson discovered at CERN; Daya Bay measures neutrino mixing angle θ13 • I do not believe that Chernobyl and Fukushima events belong here… • Pear shaped nuclei discovered many years ago: http://journals.aps.org/rmp/abstract/10.1103/RevModPhys.68.349
