Reviews of Modern Physics 83, 407
... many-body renormalization of the graphene velocity, which
is, however, small for MLG but could, in principle, be substantial for BLG.
The linear long-wavelength Dirac dispersion, with a Fermi
velocity that is roughly 1=300 of the velocity of light, is the
most distinguishing feature of graphene in a ...
Spin dynamics and spatially resolved spin transport phenomena in
... After Johnson and Silsbee’s observation of the injection of spin-polarized electrons
from a ferromagnet into a metal [Joh85; Joh88], the proposal of a spin field effect transistor (sFET) drew a lot of attention and boosted the research efforts in semiconductor
spintronics. In this concept, as well a ...
Lecture Notes 18: Relativistic Electrodynamics
... Classical electrodynamics (Maxwell’s equations, the Lorentz force law, etc.) {unlike classical
/ Newtonian mechanics} is already consistent with special relativity – i.e. is valid in any IRF.
However: What one observer interprets (e.g.) as a purely electrical process in his/her IRF,
another observer ...
- ERA - University of Alberta
... WURST-QCPMG) to acquire the NMR spectra; the advantages of these new methods are
illustrated. Most of these NMR spectra were acquired at an external magnetic field strength of
B0 = 21.14 T. Central transition (mI = 1/2 to −1/2) linewidths of half-integer quadrupolar nuclei
of up to a breadth of ca. ...
The Rare Two-Dimensional Materials with Dirac Cones
... seek new two-dimensional (2D) materials with Dirac cones. Although 2D Dirac materials possess
many novel properties and physics, they are rare compared with the numerous 2D materials. To
provide explanation for the rarity of 2D Dirac materials as well as clues in searching for new Dirac
systems, her ...
Aharonov–Bohm effect
The Aharonov–Bohm effect, sometimes called the Ehrenberg–Siday–Aharonov–Bohm effect, is a quantum mechanical phenomenon in which an electrically charged particle is affected by an electromagnetic field (E, B), despite being confined to a region in which both the magnetic field B and electric field E are zero. The underlying mechanism is the coupling of the electromagnetic potential with the complex phase of a charged particle's wavefunction, and the Aharonov–Bohm effect is accordingly illustrated by interference experiments.The most commonly described case, sometimes called the Aharonov–Bohm solenoid effect, takes place when the wave function of a charged particle passing around a long solenoid experiences a phase shift as a result of the enclosed magnetic field, despite the magnetic field being negligible in the region through which the particle passes and the particle's wavefunction being negligible inside the solenoid. This phase shift has been observed experimentally. There are also magnetic Aharonov–Bohm effects on bound energies and scattering cross sections, but these cases have not been experimentally tested. An electric Aharonov–Bohm phenomenon was also predicted, in which a charged particle is affected by regions with different electrical potentials but zero electric field, but this has no experimental confirmation yet. A separate ""molecular"" Aharonov–Bohm effect was proposed for nuclear motion in multiply connected regions, but this has been argued to be a different kind of geometric phase as it is ""neither nonlocal nor topological"", depending only on local quantities along the nuclear path.Werner Ehrenberg and Raymond E. Siday first predicted the effect in 1949, and similar effects were later published by Yakir Aharonov and David Bohm in 1959. After publication of the 1959 paper, Bohm was informed of Ehrenberg and Siday's work, which was acknowledged and credited in Bohm and Aharonov's subsequent 1961 paper.Subsequently, the effect was confirmed experimentally by several authors; a general review can be found in Peshkin and Tonomura (1989).