Download د. بشرى جبار Medical Biology Lecture 9 Round nucleus c

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Medical Biology
Lecture 9
c- Round nucleus
d- Cytoplasm, some times small azurephilic granules
e- Origin Bone marow in later fetal and post natal life
Become immunocompetant out side of the bone
1- marrow
2- Differentiate into B cells & T cells
3- Colonize other organs
f- B Cell Funtions [matures in Bursa in birds
Activated by antigen
Differentiates into Plasma cells
Produces antibodies
Produces Memory cells
g- T Cell Funtions [matures in thymus gland
Cell mediated immunity
Binds to foreign cells
Graft rejection
Produces Memory cells
T Helper & Surpressor cells
h- Lymphoid element
‫ بشرى جبار‬. ‫د‬
Medical Biology
Lecture 9
5- Monocytes
a- Nucleus - oval, kidney, horseshoe; chromatine stains
lightly, less condensed, 2-3 nucleoi
Basophilic cytoplasm with azurophilic granules (
b- (lysosome
c- Highlt mobile, highly phagocytophilic
d- Major cell of chronic infections (100 bacteria per cell (
Moves into the tissues from the blood after a few days,
e- becomes a histiocyte
Mononuclear phagocytic system (reticuloendothelial (
1- system
Receptors on the plasma membrane for complement
2- & immunogloublins
- Platelets "thrombocytes
a- Fragments of megakaryocyte cytoplasm
b- central zone - purple granule, granulomere
c- transparent zone blue stained, hylomere
d- Releases
1- serotonin - constricks blood vessels
2- thromboplastin - converts prothrombin -> thrombin
3- thrombosthenin - causes contraction of the clot
‫ بشرى جبار‬. ‫د‬
Medical Biology
Lecture 9
Plasma cells.
Plasma cell, also called plasma B cells, plasmocytes,
plasmacytes, or effector B cells, are white blood cells that
secrete large volumes of antibodies. They are transported by
the blood plasma and the lymphatic system. Plasma cells
originate in the bone marrow; B cells differentiate into plasma
cells that produce antibody molecules closely modeled after
the receptors of the precursor B cell. Once released into the
blood and lymph, these antibody molecules bind to the target
antigen (foreign substance) and initiate its neutralization or
destruction .
Role in disease
Plasmacytoma, multiple myeloma, Waldenström
macroglobulinemia and plasma cell leukemia are malignant
neoplasms ("cancer") of the plasma cells. Multiple myeloma is
frequently identified because malignant plasma cells continue
producing an antibody, which can be detected as a
paraprotein.
Common variable immunodeficiency is thought to be due to a
problem in the differentiation from lymphocytes to plasma
cells. The result is a low serum antibody level and risk of
infections.
Primary amyloidosis (AL) is caused by the deposition of excess
immunoglobulin light chains which are secreted from plasma
cell.
‫ بشرى جبار‬. ‫د‬
Medical Biology
Lecture 9
.
. Plasma cell