Download Roman Republic Continued

Patricians and Plebians were determined by birth and not allowed to intermarry
494 BC Plebians go on strike
10 Tribunes
- Persons who represent Plebian
- Can veto any government action
- Cannot be arrested
451 BC Twelve Tables
- Roman Law written down
287 BC
- Marriage between Patricians and Plebians are allowed
I.
Roman Army
a. Legions
i. Fighting formation
ii. Stronger, more flexible than a phalanx
b. Century
i. Each Legion divided into 60 smaller units of 80 men each
c. Legionnaires
i. Roman soldier
ii. Every male citizen had to serve in the Army
II.
Rome Conquers Italy
a. Legions gain control by 408 BC
b. Setback: 390 BC
i. Gauls (Gothic people) sack Rome
III.
First Punic War 264 BC – 241 BC
a. Between Rome and Carthage
b. Carthage frees Mediterranean of Pirates and threaten to seize Straits of
Messinia
c. Romans not happy, build larger fleet
d. Rome conquers Sicily (Carthage colony)
e. Carthage loses and has to pay a huge Indemnity for damages
f. Rome wins and gets all of Sicily
IV.
Second Punic War 221 BC
a. Hannibal – Great Carthaginian General tries to get revenge
i. Leads 90,000 soldiers, 9,000 calvary, 60 elephants to capture
Rome
b. 216 Battle of Cannae – Roman Army destroyed
c. Roman General Scipio attacks Carthage (in Africa)
d. Battle of Zama 202 BC, Hannibal’s Army defeated
e. Carthage loses
i. Give Spain and Warships to Rome
ii. Must pay another indemnity to Rome
V.
Third Punic War 146 BC
a. Carthage begins to regain wealth
b. Rome attacks, burns, destroys Carthage
c. Rome gets complete control of Mediterranean
Critical Thinking Questions
Ch. 6 Sec. 1 The Roman Republic
1.
Why do you think the myth of the twins has endured for so long?
2. How was early Rome a multicultural society?
3. What were the differences and similarities between Rome’s patricians and plebeians?
4. What was the advantage to writing down the laws?
5. What were some advantages and disadvantages of the time limits on Roman
government service?
6. Why do you think Romans gave full citizenship to conquered people living close to
Rome?
7. How did Scipio use Hannibal’s love or Carthage as a weapon?
8. How did Rome expand its territory and maintain control over it? (2part question
requires 2part answer)
Section 2
Republic in Crisis
230-130 b.c. Eastern Mediterranean
Provinces
Proconsuls
Publicans
Roman Legions
Jews / Palestine / 70 a.d.
Latifundias
Created by proconsuls and publicans
Equites
The gracchi brothers
Tiberius
133 b.c.
-- Elected
 Proposes law to . .
 Opponents
Gaius
123 b.c.
-- Elected
 Persuased
 Began New Courts
121 b.c. killed
111 b.c. Senate stops all land refoms
107. b.c. General Marius
88 b.c. General Sulla
70 b.c. Pompey, crassus
60 B.c. First Trium.
59
Caser
53 bc Crassus killed
50 b.c. pompey orders ceasar home
49 b.c Caesar crosses _______
chases pompey across Africa
47
becomes dictator
45 casesar reterms
44 dictaror for life – assisanitled
44 Seciond triumvirate
Octavian
Marc Antony
Marc Lepidus