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Transcript
Winters 1 Academic Biology Glucose metabolism questions 1. What is the primary source of energy for the cell? a. The primary source of energy for the cell is ATP. 2. How does the cell produce a continual supply of energy? a. The cell produces a continual supply of energy by the process of cellular respiration. 3. What places in the cell does cellular respiration occur? a. Cellular respiration occurs in the cytoplasm and the mitochondria. 4. What is the first phase of respiration called and where does it occur? a. The first phase is glycolysis and it occurs in the cytoplasm. 5. Describe the products made in glycolysis. a. The products made in glycolysis are NADH, pyruvate acid, and ATP molecules, these all aid to produce energy. 6. What two pathways does pyruvate take after glycolysis? What conditions allow it to happen each way? a. When oxygen is present cellular respiration occurs. b. When oxygen isn’t present fermentation occurs. 7. If oxygen is available, discuss the changes in pyruvate and the products created. What is this process called? a. When oxygen is available, metabolism is eventually created through the process of the Krebs Cycle. Two Carbon molecules are created along with two NADH molecules. Winters 2 8. Discuss the events in the electron transport chain. a. In the electron transport chain, they use their energy to pump protons into their inner membrane space, then the protons flow through the enzyme ATP synthrose, which releases the energy. 9. How many ATP are produced from the complete breakdown of glucose in oxygen? a. A total of 36 ATP are produced in the complete breakdown of glucose in oxygen. 10. What are the two electron carriers called? a. The two electron carriers are called NADH and FADH2 11. How is fermentation similar to glycolysis? a. Fermentation is similar to glycolysis because they both inadvertently lead to the production of energy. 12. How is fermentation different from glycolysis? a. Fermentation does not use oxygen to produce energy, while glycolysis does. 13. Give 3 example of fermentation. a. Three examples of fermentation are: i. Ethanol fermentation – leads to methanol ii. Lactic Acid fermentation – leads to lactose into lactic acid – yogurt iii. Alcohol fermentation – leads to alcohol 14. How are the photosynthesis and respiration equations related? a. They both use Carbon Dioxide and water, they also both share the equation C6H12O6 and 6O2, which in respiration is glucose (sugar) and photosynthesis sugar. Winters 3 15. Why are fats such a good source of energy? (Note: this needs to be related to ATP) a. Fats are a good source of energy because there are more calories in them, which makes ATP productivity increase, and ATP is energy.