Download 2016 Judaism Overview PowerPoint Lecture

Judaism
• religion of just one people: the Jews.
• first to teach belief in only one God.
• Two other important religions developed from
Judaism: Christianity and Islam.
Judaism
• Founder/Prophets/
Important people:
1. Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob
(name changed to Israel)
2. Twelve Tribes (sons of
Israel)
3. Moses
4. David, Solomon
Daniel in the Lion’s Den
• Languages:
1. Hebrew
• Percent of followers in the
world:
– 2%
– Jewish influence on the
world has been vast
-- far more than their
numbers would indicate.
David and
Goliath
Judaism
• Important Teachings &
Beliefs:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Monotheistic
10 commandments
Prayer
Still Awaiting Messiah (Savior)
Holy Book(s): (Old
Testament)
1.
Torah
• First 5 books of Bible
• According to Torah, it is disrespectful to
spell out name of deity (G_ D)
[Yahweh] in full.
2.
Talmud
• record of rabbinic discussions
pertaining to Jewish law, ethics,
customs, and history.
Moses breaks the first set of
the 10 Commandments
Judaism Beliefs
• Jews believe that there is a single God who not only
created the universe, but with whom every Jew can
have an individual and personal relationship.
• They believe in heaven, but that God determines
where they go after life on earth.
• Give a tithe (10%).
• Ten Commandments is the basic code of law.
Judaism
• Jews think that God will send a Messiah (a
deliverer) to unite them and lead them in
His way.
• Christians believe that Jesus was the
Messiah.
– The Jewish people do not agree; they
anticipate His arrival in the future.
Judaism Holy Book
• The most holy Jewish book is the Torah (the first five
books of the Christian Bible)
• Others include Judaism's oral tradition, the written
form of which is known as the Talmud.
• The Torah (scroll of teachings) contains the five
books revealed to Moses by God on Mount Sinai.
– Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers &
Deuteronomy
• Another important book is the "Talmud," serving
primarily as a guide to the civil and religious laws of
Judaism.
• Hebrew is read right to left.
Judaism Place of Worship
• Jews worship in
Synagogues or
temples.
• Men and women
usually sit separately.
• Worship is led by a
Rabbi.
• Friday evening is time
for worship.
Stamford Hill, London
Judaism
• Important Cities
1. Jerusalem
• Major Groups:
1. Orthodox Jews:
• adheres faithfully to the
principles and practices of
traditional Judaism.
2. Conservative Jews:
• modern denomination of
Judaism that arose in United
States in the early 1900's.
3. Reform Jews:
• largest denomination of Jews.
They are more liberal in their
thinking about Judaism.
Samson destroys the
Philistine temple
Important Holy Days
• Rosh Hashanah-Jewish New Year
• Yom Kippur-A day of fasting and praying which
occurs 10 days after the first day of Rosh
Hashanah. The holiest day in the year
• Hanukkah-The Feast of Lights is an 8 day Feast
of Dedication. It recalls the war fought by the
Maccabees in the cause of religious freedom
• The Star of David is
the international
symbol of Judaism
• Flag of Israel has it
• Menorah-It is a
symbol of the nation
of Israel and a mission
to be "a light unto the
nations.
• A Yarmulke is worn
during prayer to shoe
respect to G_d
Kosher Foods
• Foods are kosher when they meet all criteria
that Jewish law applies to food
• Characteristics that make a food non-kosher:
– the mixture of meat and milk
– the use of cooking utensils which had previously
been used for non-kosher food
– The type of animal it is
Judaism – Map!
Judaism in 1500 C.E.
Judaism Today
In 1500, located in Europe and
Middle East
Today, located in Israel and U.S.