Download 2010 SEC Definition-style Questions

2010 SEC Definition-style Questions
Higher Level Paper:
Term
Acceptable response per marking scheme
Trace element
Small amount (needed) or indication of e.g. < 0.01%
Triglyceride
Fat (or lipid or oil) unit (or molecule) or glycerol and three fatty acids
or ester
Tissue
Cells with common function (or with common structure)
Tissue culture
Cells grown on (or in) medium or cells grown outside organism
Biosphere
Part(s) of earth that supports life
Ecosystem
Organisms and their (interactions with) environment
Habitat
(Place) where a species (or an organism) lives
Symbiosis
Relationship between (different) species in which at least one benefits
Biotic factor
Living (organism’s influence on another organism)
Food Web
Interconnected food chains or more than one species at each trophic
level
Fauna
Animals
Hypothesis
Educated guess or (possible) explanation
Tropism
Growth of a plant in response to a stimulus
Plant growth regulator
Controls the growth (of a plant)
Transcription
making of (m)RNA using DNA (template)
Translation
making a protein using (m)RNA (code)
Haploid
(A nucleus having) one set of chromosomes
(or one copy of each chromosome)
Diploid
(A nucleus having) Two sets of chromosomes
(or two copies of each chromosome)
Homozygous
alleles the same
Heterozygous
alleles different
Genotype
genetic make-up or genes (alleles) present
Phenotype
expression of genotype (and environment)
or physical make up
Segregation
only one (member) of a pair of alleles (or chromosomes)
enters a gamete
Independent assortment.
Either member of a pair of alleles (or chromosomes) can
combine (or transmit) with either member of another
pair (in gamete formation)
Reflex action
automatic / response to a stimulus / involuntary (or not controlled by
brain)
(The) term is used to describe the glands that secrete hormones in the
human body?
Endocrine (or ductless)
Fertilisation
Fusion of gametes or formation of zygote
Dormancy of seeds
Period of reduced metabolism (or period of reduced activity) or period
of no growth.
Biological (or protein) catalyst (or explained)
An enzyme
The specificity of an
enzyme?
(Enzyme) acts on only a particular substrate
Immobilisation[of
enzymes]
(Enzyme) attached to an inert substance (or example of
inert substance) or fixed to each other
Bioreactor
vessel in which products are made by cells (or
organisms)
Selective permeability.[ In
relation to membranes in
cells]
Allowing some substances to pass through
Diffusion
Movement of molecules (or substances)
from area of high concentration to area of low concentration
(or along a concentration gradient)
Semen
Sperm (cells) and (seminal) fluid
2010 SEC Definition-style Questions
ORDINARY Level Paper:
Term
Acceptable response per marking scheme
Dominant
The allele expressed in the heterozygous condition
Gamete
A sex cell
Gene
A part of DNA with information to make one protein
Mutation
A change in the structure of DNA
Genotype
The genetic make-up of an individual
Genetics
The study of biological inheritance
DNA profiling
Analysing or examining a person’s DNA (to compare patterns with
others) or getting or providing, patterns or bands
pH.
(A measure of) how acidic or alkaline a solution is [allow ‘neutral
or not’]
Organ
A group of tissues (working together)
Ecosystem
Organisms/interacting/in their environment
Habitat
The place where an organism lives
Niche
The (functional) role (of an organism) or ‘occupation’ (of an
organism)
Trophic level
Feeding (level)
Pollution
Harmful addition to an ecosystem
Conservation
Management of ecosystems
Metabolism
(The sum of all) the chemical reactions (in an organism)
or catabolism + anabolism
‘Balanced’ diet?
(One which contains) all the food types/in correct or suitable or
optimum proportions
Autotrophic nutrition
Food synthesised from simple molecules
or produces own food
Heterotrophic nutrition
Already synthesised food consumed from
other organisms or food from other source
Digestion
The breaking down of food
Peristalsis
(Muscular) contractions/in the walls of the alimentary canal/to move
food
Embryo
(part of seed that) becomes the new plant
Dispersal
Spreading of seeds.
Fertilisation
Fusion of gametes or formation of zygote
Germination
The growth of an embryo into a plant?
Antagonistic pair (in
reference to muscles)
(Two) muscles that work in opposition to each other