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Transcript
BIOLOGY ENDOCRINE SYSTEM Topic 1: Endocrine System Topic 2: Hypothalamus, pituitary glands 1. The endocrine system __________. A) affects only the reproductive system. B) releases hormones into the bloodstream. C) competes with the nervous system. D) is made up primarily of glands with ducts. E) is made up from bone cells. Match each pituitary hormone with its action. 2. Unlike endocrine glands, exocrine glands _______________. A) have ducts. B) release hormones. C) release secretions directly into the bloodstream. D) are found throughout the body. E) transmits impulses. 1. ___ADH 2. ___FSH a. Stimulates ovaries and testes b. Stimulates production of eggs and sperm 3. ___LH c. Stimulates release of hormones from adrenal cortex 4.___ GH d. Stimulates protein synthesis and growth in cells 5. ___ACTH e. Stimulates the kidneys to reabsorb water Fill in the blanks 1. _________ and___________ hormones, stimulates the organ of the reproductive system. 3. Which of the following is a gland of the endocrine system? A) sweat gland C) pituitary gland B) tear gland D) salivary glands E) mammary glands 2.________ is the over secretion of growth hormone. 3.________ regulates the water balance of body 4.________ triggers milk production from the mammary glands. Fill in the blanks: 1. Chemicals that travel through the bloodstream and affect the activities of other cells are called Multiple Choices ________________. 1. Which hormone determinates the skin color? A) LTH B) melatonin C) oxytocin D) MSH E) STH 2. Cells that have receptors for a particular hormone are referred to as ._______________. 3. An organ that produces and releases a substance, or a secretion, is called a(an) ___________. Short Answers: 1. Compare endocrine glands and exocrine glands. Give an example of each kind of gland. 2. The hypothalamus regulates __________. A) heart rate B) body temperature C) water balance D) glandular secretions E) all of the above 3. The posterior pituitary stores and secretes ____. A) ADH and oxytocin B) growth hormone and gonadotropin releasing hormone C) estrogen and testosterone D) aldosterone and cortisone E) egg and sperm 2. What is the hormone? 3. What are the differences between peptide and steroid hormones? 4. The function(s) of oxytocin is/are to ___________. A) cause the uterus to contract B) induce labor C) stimulate the release of milk from the mother's mammary glands when her baby is nursing. D) all of the above Short Answer: 1. Which hormones are secreted by Pituitary glands? 4. Explain the feedback mechanism with an example. BIOLOGY Topic 3: Thyroid glands, parathyorid glands, pancreas Fill in the blanks 1.____________ is both an EXOCRINE (ducts) and ENDOCRINE SYSTEM Topic 4: Adrenal glands, gonads and thymus gland Fill in the blanks 1. The thymus gland secretes __________ a hormone that stimulates the formation of t-cells. 2. The __________ secretes the hormone melatonin. endocrine gland. 2. _____________ the hormone producing portion of the pancreas 3._____________ and ___________ regulate the metabolism of blood glucose (sugar) and the hormones have opposite effects. (antagonistic hormones) 4. ______________ stimulates its target cells to take up and use glucose. this action lowers blood glucose levels. "use or store" 5. _________________ stimulates its cells to breakdown stored glycogen and increase glucose levels in the blood. 6. When there is an under secretion of insulin, a condition called _____________ occurs. Multiple Choices 1. If ___________ is lacking in the diet, the thyroid gland enlarges, producing a goiter. A) Thyroxin B) Iron C) Iodine D) Calcium E) Phosphorus 2. Hypothyroidism in adults produces a condition called ___________. A) Goiter B) Cretinism C) Acromegaly D) Pituitary dwarfism E) Myxedema 3. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) ___________. A)stimulates the absorption of calcium from the digestive tract B)stimulates the retention of calcium by the kidneys C) stimulates the demineralization of bone D) causes blood phosphate level to decrease E) all of the above 4. Calcium plays an important role in _________. A) nervous conduction B) muscle contraction C) blood clotting C) bone formation E) all of the above 3. _________ concentrations increase sharply at night and decrease dramatically during the day. 4. _________ is located on top of each kidney that composes of two layer, __________ outer and ____________ inner. 5. Increase activity of the adrenal cortex can result in __________________ - obesity, increase blood sugar levels, high blood pressure, and weakening of bones. 6. "Fight or flight" hormones - nerve impulses from the sympathetic nervous system results in the secretion of _____________ and ______________. 7._____________ are gamete-producing organs that also produce a group of steroid sex hormones. 8. The ovaries produce the female sex hormones, the ___________ and ____________. Multiple Choices 1. Symptoms of ___________ include overactivity; weight loss; and high blood pressure, heart rate, and body temperature. A) hypothyroidism B) cretinism C) hyperthyroidism D) diabetes mellitus E) obesity 2. The rate of metabolism of all body cells is regulated by _____________. A) parathyroid hormone B) aldosterone C) thyroxine D) calcitonin E) testesteron 3. In males and females, a gland that differs in the hormones it secretes are the ___________. A) Adrenal B) Gonads C) Parathyroid D) Pancreas E) Thyroid