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Human Anatomy Study Guide: The Endocrine System Know the objectives listed at the beginning of the exercise Know the specific glands of this system and the hormones each are responsible for Know the meaning of the term(s) ductless glands; target organs; tropic hormones; myxedema; gonads; sex hormones. Know the specific hormones of the anterior pituitary (GH; PRL; and MSH) and what they regulate. What specifically does calcitonin do in the blood? Re: Adrenal glands - Medulla region: epinephrine or norepinephrine- role in the “flight or fight” response. Cortex region: Identify the three major groups of steroid hormones and the effect of each. Re: Pancreas - Why is it refered to as both an endocrine and exocrine gland? Differentiate between insulin and glucagon and the effects of each Diabetes mellitus Function of the pancreatic islets (islets of Langerhans) Function of the alpha cells and beta cells Re: Gonads - Estrogen and progesterone: what each hormone is responsible for Ovary and testis Re: Thymus - Role of thymosin and the blood Re: Pineal Body - Role of melatonin in the human reproductive system Re: Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands - Role of the hormones secreted by each - Role of the chief cells and oxyphils of the parathyroids Re: Pituitary Gland - “Master Gland” - is both neural and glandular