Download Mutations Notes

WARM UP
“Give what you have. To someone else, it may be
better than you dare to think.”
–Henry Wordsworth Longfellow
1. What does this quote mean to you?
2. How can you apply this to DNA/RNA/protein
structure and function
3. How can you apply this to the long process of
discovering DNA and its structure?
Mutations
Central Dogma
Transcription
• DNA
Translation
RNA
Expression
Protein
Trait
• Proteins create traits that DNA and RNA code
for
Mutations
• A change in DNA
sequence
• Affect RNA, proteins,
and traits
Types of Mutations
• Substitution
– Change base
• Frameshift
– Deletion or addition
– Changes “reading
frame”
Types of Mutations
DNA and Evolution
• Variations in DNA create variations in traits
– Mutations are the source of variation
• Mutations are the only way to get new traits
• Traits passed down through DNA
– Variation in offspring
Mutations and Microevolution
• Natural
selection
determines
whether
mutations will
be passed on
– Advantageous
• Evolution
– Lethal
• Extinction
– Neutral
• Genetic drift
Mutations and Macroevolution
• New trait from
advantageous
mutation
• 2 different
traits…..2 different
species…..
WRAP UP
1. List 3 types of mutations, and
describe the impact of each on the
DNA code in 3 words.
WARM UP
• Explain how the discovery of the structure
of DNA, and the way it copies itself,
supports Darwin’s ideas about traits being
passed on from parents to offspring.
WRAP UP
• Describe how you think mutations might
affect evolution (if at all).