Download Greek Civilization Reading Guide - mr. flohr`s world history class

Name: ___________________________________________________________________ Period: ____________ Date: ____________
Greek Civilization Reading Guide
5.1: Mountains and the Sea
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Objective A: Geography Shapes Greek Life
1.
In Ancient times, Greece was not a _____________ country. It was a collection of separate lands where Greek-speaking people lived.
2.
Ancient Greece consisted mainly of a __________________________ peninsula jutting out into the Mediterranean Sea. It also included
_________ islands in the Aegean and Ionian seas.
3.
The sea shaped Greek civilization, and they became excellent ____________ and _______________. ___________ became important
because Greece lacked many important natural _________________.
4.
The mainland of Greece is about ______ covered with rugged _______________________, and only about _____ of the land is
____________. The climate however is mild and excellent for growing __________, __________, and raising ________________.
Objective B: Mycenean Civilization Develops
5.
Around ________ a group of Indo-Europeans from the Eurasian steppes settled the Greek mainland and became known as the
____________________.
6.
Their capital city was called __________________, which was located in ____________________ Greece. It was a well-fortified city
with a wall more than __________ thick.
7.
Sometime after 1500 BC, the Myceneans began to trade with the __________________. They also borrowed aspects of their culture
such as their _____________________________, __________________________________, ___________,______________
and _________________________. ____________________ civilization has its roots in these two civilizations.
8.
During the 1200’s BC, the Myceneans fought a ten-year war against __________. According to legend, a Greek army ______________
and _________________ Troy because a Trojan prince had kidnapped ____________, the beautiful wife of a Greek king.
Objective C: Greek Culture Declines Under the Dorian
9.
Not long after the _________________, Mycenean civilization collapsed. Around 1200 BC, ______________________ attacked and
burned many Mycenean cities. According to tradition, a new group of people, the __________________, moved into Greece. No
__________________ exists from 1150-750 BC, so little is known about this period.
10. Without writing, Greeks told history through the ______________________. The greatest storyteller was a blind man named
_____________ wrote the epic poems, the _________________ and the ___________________.
5.2: Warring City-States
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Objective A: Identify the different political systems that developed in the Greek city-states.
11. Define polis:
12. Recreate the chart on p. 128:
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Monarchy
State ruled by
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Forms of Government
Aristocracy
Oligarchy
State ruled by
 State ruled by
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Rule is
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Rule is
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Some rulers claim
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____________________
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and _______________
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Democracy
State ruled by
Rule is based on
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Rule is based on
Ruling group controls
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____________________
________________
decides vote
support rulers’ authority
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Name: ___________________________________________________________________ Period: ____________ Date: ____________
 Objective B: Athens Builds a Limited Democracy
13. Complete the chart.
Three Important Reformers
Draco (621 BC)
- Draco developed a _________________ saying that all __________________were equal under the
_________
- Draco’s code dealt very _____________ with criminals, making ___________ the punishment for
practically every crime
- Upheld _________ slavery
Solon (594 BC)
- No citizen should _________ another citizen, thereby outlawing _________ slavery
- He organized all Athenian citizens into ______________________ according to _______________
- Only members of the top ______ classes could hold ____________________ office
- All citizens, regardless of __________, could participate in the Athenian _______________
Cleisthenes (500 BC)
- He organized citizens into _____ groups based on where they _________
- He allowed citizens to propose _________ and created the _____________ of _______
- Established the _________________ which was chosen at random
- _________________________ was restricted to only free adult male property owners born in Athens
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Objective B: Sparta Builds a Military State
14. The city-state of Sparta was ___________________ and by by 725 BC, Sparta conquered the the neighboring region of
____________________ and forced their people to become their slaves, known as ________________.
15. A helot revolt caused the Spartans to become a ___________________________. From 600 until 371 BC they were the most powerful
___________ in Greece.
16. Complete the chart.
Spartan Government
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Spartan Society
Assembly- composed of Spartan _________________________,
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All males ages 7-60 were ___________________
_________________ officials and ___________ on major issues
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Focused on ______________, ______________________, and
Council of Elders- __________________ citizens, proposed
___________________over _______________________,
_____________
_______________________, and ___________________
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Five Elected Officials- carried out the ___________
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2 Kings- controlled the _________________
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Boys left home at age ____ and lived in barracks until age ____.
They spent their days _________________, ______________,
and _______________________.
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Spartan girls received some military training, and they also ______,
____________________, and played ___________________.
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Objective C: The Persian Wars
17. The PersianWars (490-479 BC) began as a revolt by the _____________________. and the Persian King __________ vowed revenge.
18. In 490 BC, a Persian fleet carried __________ men across the Aegan Sea and landed northeast of Athens on a plain called ___________.
There, _________ Athenians, neatly arranged __________________, waited for them. The Greeks were vastly ________________,
but more ____________________. After several hours, the Persians _________. The Persians lost more than ___________ men and
Athenians less than _______.
19. A young Athenian runner named Pheidippides to raced __________ back to Athens to tell news of the victory. He delivered the message,
“_______________________________________.” He then collapsed and died.
Name: ___________________________________________________________________ Period: ____________ Date: ____________
20. Ten years later in 480 BC, Darius the Great’s son and successor, ______________, assembled an enourmous invasion force. The Persians
came to a narrow mountain pass at ____________________________ where __________ Greeks, including ________ Spartans,
blocked their way. The Spartans held off the Persians for __________, but all were killed.
21. The Athenians waited for the Persians at sea in the strait near the island of ______________. Despite _______________ being burned,
the Athenians sank _______ of the Persian navy at Salamis. They also won another land battle at ___________________.
22. The following year, several Greek city-states formed an alliance called the ____________________. This alliance eventually stopped the
Persians and Greece entered into a ____________________________.
5.3: Democracy and Greece’s Golden Age
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Objective A: Identify three goals of Pericles.
23. The period from __________ to __________ BC often is called the Golden Age of _______________.
24. Pericles three goals were:
a) ______________________________ b) ______________________________ c) ______________________________
25. How did paying public officials strengthen Athenian democracy?
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Objective B: Describe Greek art and architecture.
26. Pericles used money from the Delian League to …
27. What was at the center of the Pericles’ plan to glorify Athens?
28. The Parthenon contained examples of Greek art that …
29. Complete the chart:
Figures were:
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Main Idea:
Greek sculptors wanted to
portray ideal beauty
Faces showed only
Captured the grace of …
_______________
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Objective C: Summarize the work of Greek dramatists and historians.
30. The Greeks invented ____________________ and built the first ____________________ in the West.
31. The Greeks wrote two kinds of drama: ____________________ and _________________.
32. Herodotus’ book on the Persian Wars is considered …
33. Thucydides believed studying certain types of events and political situations would aid in …
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Objective D: Identify Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle.
34. “Philosophers” means:
Values of
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Name: ___________________________________________________________________ Period: ____________ Date: ____________
35. Complete the chart:
Greek Philosophers
Socrates
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Plato
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Encouraged Greeks to question
Person with the greatest __________
____________________ and their
and __________ would be chosen
____________________
____________________
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Forced people to think about their
__________ and __________
Dominated philosophic thought in Europe
Aristotle
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Came close to summarizing all
____________________ up to his time
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Most famous pupil was
_______________
for nearly __________ years
5.4: Alexander’s Empire
* See the map on p. 144. Between 334-323 BC, Alexander the Great led a Greek army to victory over the Persian Empire creating an empire which
included Greece, Egypt, Mesopotamia, Persia, and India.
5.5: The Spread of Hellenistic Culture
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Objective A: Define Hellenistic culture.
36. As a result of Alexander’s policies, Greek culture blended with _______________, _______________, and _______________
influences; this became known as _______________ culture.
37. The Egyptian city of _______________ became the foremost center of commerce and Hellenistic culture; its greatest attractions were its
famous _______________ and _______________.
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Objective B: Identify the achievements of Hellenistic scholars.
38. Until the _______________ and _______________ centuries, Alexandrian scholars provided most of the _______________
knowledge to the West.
Ptolemy:
39. Complete the chart:
Aristarchus:
Euclid:
Accomplishments of
Hellenistic Thinkers
Stoics:
Epicureans:
40. Through _______________, Greek-style _______________, _______________, _______________, and _______________
became the core of Western civilization.