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G-9 Greek Contributions to World Civilization Part I Theater: Greeks built many theaters throughout the med. • Invented & developed Drama, Comedy, Tragedy; Aeschylus, Euripides Sophocles: Most famous playwright: Greek drama was used at first in religious practices, later as entertainment. Aristophanes: invented stadium seating with stage & audience in semi circle Government: Greeks developed the concept of: • Democracy: The rule by citizens in free & fair elections Time line of Greek Government in Athens: Kings > Assembly (500) > 9 Archons = Judges > Limited Democracy for 50 years Rule: All male citizens born in Athens over age 20 could vote Fact: Democracy in Greece lasted only 50 years 400BC-Democracy came back in 1789-USA Historical: First full time historians started in Greece Herodotus: 484-424 BC is “Father of History” • wrote about the pyramids, Egypt, Babylon, Greece Thucydides: 471-400 BC wrote about Peloponnesian War (Sparta v. Athens) Architecture: Greeks built many temples & public buildings throughout the Ancient World especially in Med. Area. Most Govt. buildings in Americas & Europe based on Greek styles & designs Doric, Ionic, Corinthian: Greek Orders Most famous Greek Temple still Standing: The Parthenon; Athens, Greece Poetry: Greek Poetry was at first an oral tradition, then they began to record their legends, myths, and stories in verse, and prose Homer: Blind Poet who told the legends of the Trojan wars. • Later written down as 15,000 lines of verse: The Iliad and The Odyssey Philosophy: Way of thinking and living. Zeno-Stoic-Don’t complain Socrates: 469-399BC: Great Teacher who sought truth by asking many questions that forced his students to really think deeply Plato: 427-399 BC: Wrote The Republic about the ideal government he said that “IDEAS ARE THE ONLY REAL AND PERMANENT REALITY OF ANYTHING”