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Name Class Date Skills Worksheet Vocabulary Review In the space provided, write the letter of the term or phrase that best completes each statement or best answers each question. ______ 1. An organism’s reproductive cells, such as sperm or egg cells, are called a. genes. c. gametes. b. chromosomes. d. zygotes. ______ 2. A form of asexual reproduction in bacteria is a. binary fission. c. mitosis. b. trisomy. d. development. ______ 3. A segment of DNA that codes for a protein or RNA molecule is a a. chromosome. c. chromatid. b. gene. d. centromere. ______ 4. At the beginning of cell division, DNA and the proteins associated with the DNA coil into a structure called a(n) a. chromatid. c. centromere. b. autosome. d. chromosome. ______ 5. The two exact copies of DNA that make up each chromosome are called a. homologous chromosomes. c. chromatids. b. centromeres. d. autosomes. ______ 6. The two chromatids of a chromosome are attached at a point called the a. diploid. c. spindle. b. centriole. d. centromere. ______ 7. Chromosomes that are similar in size, shape, and genetic content are called which of the following? a. homologous chromosomes c. diploid b. haploid d. karyotypes ______ 8. When a cell contains two sets of chromosomes, it is said to be a. haploid. c. diploid. b. binary. d. saturated. ______ 9. When a cell contains one set of chromosomes, it is said to be a. haploid. c. diploid. b. separated. d. homologous. ______10. The fertilized egg, the first cell of a new individual, is called a(n) a. autosome. c. organism. b. zygote. d. chromosome. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Holt Biology 13 Chromosomes and Cell Reproduction Name Class Date Vocabulary Review continued ______11. A photo of the chromosomes in a dividing cell, arranged by size, is a(n) a. electronic scan. c. X ray. b. karyotype. d. anaphase. ______12. What are chromosomes not directly involved in determining the sex of an individual? a. asexual chromosomes c. autosomes b. chromatids d. haploid ______13. Chromosomes that contain genes that will determine the sex of the individual are called a. X chromosomes. c. Y chromosomes. b. sex chromosomes. d. autosomes. ______14. The repeated sequence of growth and division during the life of a cell is called the a. cell cycle. c. binary fission. b. cytokinesis. d. amniocentesis. ______15. The first three phases of the cell cycle are called a. anaphase. c. mitosis. b. interphase. d. synthesis phase. ______16. What is the process during which the nucleus of a cell is divided into two nuclei? a. fertilization c. mitosis b. disjunction d. cytokinesis ______ 17. The process during cell division in which the cytoplasm divides is called a. cytokinesis. c. interphase. b. trisomy. d. mitosis. ______18. What is the uncontrolled division of cells? a. Down syndrome c. cancer b. mutation d. trisomy ______19. Cell structures made of individual microtubule fibers that are involved in moving chromosomes during cell division are called a. chromatids. c. centrioles. b. fertilizers. d. spindles. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Holt Biology 14 Chromosomes and Cell Reproduction