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Department of Science and Technology Studies HPSC2013 Evolution in Science and Culture Syllabus Session 2015-16 Web site www.ucl.ac.uk/sts/2013 Moodle site moodle.ucl.ac.uk/course/view.php?id=4923 Timetable <www.ucl.ac.uk/timetable> or <tinyurl.com/hpsc2013> Description A historical survey of evolutionary thinking from the Enlightenment to the present. Content includes the history of scientific ideas and the context for those ideas. It also considers the influence of evolutionary ideas, especially Darwinism, on society and vice versa. Key Information Assessment 50% essay (2,500 words) 50% exam Prerequisites none Required texts readings listed below HPSC2013 Evolution in Science and Culture 2015-16 syllabus Module tutor Module tutor Professor Joe Cain Contact [email protected] | t: 020 7679 3041 Web www.ucl.ac.uk/sts/cain Office location 22 Gordon Square, Room 1.1 Office hours: Tuesdays 16:15-17:15 Wednesdays 10:00-11:00 Ms Connie Ekpenyong <[email protected]> manages Professor Cain's appointments diary. To book an appointment, which you are welcome to do, outside his office hours please contact her. Her desk is located in Room G2. Aims and objectives aims As an intermediate module, HPSC2013 pursues several kinds of goals. To develop knowledge of content in the history and context of evolutionary studies, this module surveys major themes, actors, and conceptual shifts – in short, what are the big ideas associated with evolution and Darwinism? It seeks to integrate broad historical themes and contexts into this survey. Primary sources are the foundation of required readings for this module so students may develop skills working with original source materials: their reading, weighting, and critical assessment. To further develop skills in textual analysis and critical assessment, attention will be paid to close reading of secondary materials from different types of sources. This module also asks critical questions about historiography. The teaching method for this module during contact hours will be lectures and in-class discussions. A schedule of independent reading and research also is set. Module assessment is integrated into this programme. objectives By the end of this module students should be able to: • • • • • demonstrate content knowledge for the module's domain and historiographical insight into relevant scholarly literature demonstrate the ability to critically interpret both primary and secondary sources demonstrate skill in historical reasoning and comparative analysis approach new material in this module's domain from a historical perspective and with a critical historian's eye demonstrate an appreciation for principles of historical contingency, myth making, and icon construction Module plan Student responsibilities in this module will revolve around three components: lectures, a project, and an examination. 2 HPSC2013 Evolution in Science and Culture 2015-16 syllabus lecture A lecture schedule is set. Lectures are related to specific required reading. Lectures critically survey key content and historiography relevant to each themes. This also includes discussions of set readings. Students are encouraged to come to lecture having read and reflected on readings set for the lecture. Specific discussions will be announced in advance. Additional readings and Web sites are suggested for continued investigation of module topics. essay One essay is set for HPSC2013, not to exceed 2,500 words. This essay contributes 50% of the final module mark. See separate guidance for expectations. examination A 3-hour closed-book examination will take place during Term 3 and contributes 50% of the final module mark. This examination will place considerable emphasis on the required readings for the module and on themes developed in lecture. Students should remind themselves of module expectations as they revise. All required readings and lecture materials are fair game for examination. The examination's format and domain will be discussed in lecture and in an optional revision session prior to the examination. At the end of Term 2, I will publish a “mock examination” for this module. Past exam scripts are available, too. Because this module has been renumbered, search for exams under the module code “HPSC3027”. Students not attending UCL during Term 3 will have alternative assessment in lieu of examination as follows: a second research paper will be assigned, due by the 10 January 2016. Each essay will then contribute half of the final module mark. Students eligible for this option must discuss their particulars with me prior to Reading Week, Term 1. 3 HPSC2013 Evolution in Science and Culture 2015-16 syllabus Schedule UCL Wk Date optional 06/10 Film Night: 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea 6 09/10 Darwin: Getting started BBC (2009) Darwin’s Ideas Darwin (1859: 60-130) Jones (1999: 1-22) Deep Time Desmond (1979) Transcendental Anatomy Rehbock (1990) Man’s Place in Nature: Body Ellegard (1958: 293-331) Man’s Place in Nature: Mind BBC (2013) Ekman and Friesen (2003: 133) Anthropology Nott and Gliddon (1854: 180210); Gould (1978) Degeneration and Declinism Galton (1869: 336-362) Military Selection Kellogg (1913) Darwin’s entourage Moore (1982) Reading Week Grant Lecture (18:30) Fossils, Climate Change… no lectures this week Laws of Nature or Society Moore (1985) Carnegie (1889a, 1889b) Cooperation Todes (1987) Scopes Monkey Trial Bryan (1925) Cain (2001) Lysenko Lysenko (1949) AtomicScientists (1949) Fit and Reasonable-ness Dawkins (1976: 1-11, 88-108.) Roughgarden (2009: 1-22) New Catastrophism Gould (1989: 23-52; 1997) Jablonski (1986) New Biology of Race UNESCO (1950a; 1950b); Anderson (2012) Sapiens Diamond (2005: 79-119) Harari (2014) Nicholls (2015: chapter 9) Origin of Life Miller and Urey (1959) Lane (2013) Strick (2004) De-Extinction and Resurrection biology Pellegrino (1985) Monbiot (2013) Fletcher (2010) Essay Due upload to Moodle before 24:00 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 16/10 23/10 30/10 06/11 09/11 12/11 20/11 27/11 04/12 11/12 18/12 16/12 Topic Required readings 4 HPSC2013 Evolution in Science and Culture 2015-16 syllabus Reading list This is a complete list of essential readings. All these readings and module lectures are fair game for examination. Substitutions may be made during term. All readings are linked on Moodle. Some volumes also are available in the DMS Watson short loan collection. Anderson, Warwick. 2012. “Hybridity, Race, and Science: The Voyage of the Zaca, 1934–1935.” Isis 103:229-253. AtomicScientists. 1949. “Scientific Truth and Freedom in Our Time: The Russian Purge of Genetics [articles by Sewall Wright, L.C. Dunn, Karl Sax, Theodosius Dobzhansky, M.B. Crane, and Richard Goldschmidt].” Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists 5 (May):130-156. BBC. 2009. “In Our Time: Darwin (4 episodes).” http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/history/inourtime/inourtime_darwin.shtml. BBC. 2013. “NightWaves: ZSL London episode 3 (BBC Radio3, 10 October 2013).”. BBC. http://downloads.bbc.co.uk/podcasts/radio3/r3arts/r3arts_20131011-1029a.mp3. Bryan, William Jennings. 1925. “[Speech Delivered at Scopes Trial].” In The World's Most Famous Court Trial: Tennessee Evolution Case, edited by ScopesTrial, 170-182. Dayton, TN: Rhea County Historical Society. Cain, Joe. 2001. “Scopes Trial and Fundamentalism in the United States.” Nature Publishing Group. www.els.net. Carnegie, Andrew. 1889a. “Wealth.” North American Review and Miscellaneous Journal 148:653-664. Carnegie, Andrew. 1889b. “The Best Fields for Philanthropy.” North American Review and Miscellaneous Journal 149 (397):682-698. Darwin, Charles. 1859. On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life. London: John Murray. Dawkins, Richard. 1976. The Selfish Gene. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Desmond, Adrian. 1979. “Designing the Dinosaur: Richard Owen's Response to Robert Edmond Grant.” Isis 70 (2):224-234. Diamond, Jared. 2005. Collapse: How Societies Choose to Fail or Survive. New York: Penguin. Ekman, Paul, and Wallace Friesen. 2003. Unmasking the Face: A Guide to Recognizing Emotions from Facial Clues. Cambridge, MA: Malor Books. Ellegard, Alvar. [1958] 1990. Darwin and the General Reader: The Reception of Darwin's Theory of Evolution in the British Periodical Press, 1859-1872. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Fletcher, Amy. 2010. “Genuine fakes: Cloning extinct species as science and spectacle.” Politics and the Life Sciences 29 (1):48-60. Galton, Francis. 1869. Hereditary Genius. London. Gould, Stephen Jay. 1978. “Morton's Ranking of Races by Cranial Capacity.” Science 200 (4341):503509. doi: DOI: 10.2307/1746562. Gould, Stephen Jay. 1989. Wonderful Life: The Burgess Shale and the Nature of History. New York: W. W. Norton. Gould, Stephen Jay 1997. “Darwinian Fundamentalism.” New York Review of Books 12 June 1997:3437. Harari, Yuval Noah. 2014. “Bananas in heaven [TedEx talk based on Sapiens: A Brief History of Humankind].” Harvill Secker. http://youtu.be/YZa4sdIwV04. Jablonski, David. 1986. “Background and Mass Extinctions: The Alternation of Macroevolutionary Regimes.” Science 231 (4734):129-133. doi: 10.1126/science.231.4734.129. Jones, Steve. 1999. Almost like a whale: the Origin of Species updated. London: Doubleday. Kellogg, Vernon. 1913. “Eugenics and Militarism.” Atlantic Mon 112:99-108. Lane, Nick. 2013. “Bioenergetic constraints on the evolution of complex life.” In 2013, edited by P. J. Keeling and E. V. Koonin. New York: Cold Spring Harbor. 5 HPSC2013 Evolution in Science and Culture 2015-16 syllabus Lysenko, Trofim Denisovich. 1949. “On the Situation in Biological Science.” In The Situation in Biological Science: Proceedings of the Lenin Academy of Agricultural Sciences of the U.S.S.R, Session July 31 - August 7, 1948 Verbatim Report, edited by LeninAcademyofAgriculturalScience, 11-50. Moscow: Foreign Languages Publishing House. Miller, Stanley L., and Harold C. Urey. 1959. “Organic Compound Synthesis on the Primitive Earth.” Science 130 (3370):245-251. doi: 10.1126/science.130.3370.245. Monbiot, George. 2013. “A Manifesto for Rewilding the World.” Accessed 30 September. http://www.monbiot.com/2013/05/27/a-manifesto-for-rewilding-the-world/. Moore, James. 1982. “Charles Darwin Lies in Westminster Abbey.” Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 17 (1):97-113. doi: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.1982.tb02016.x. Moore, James. 1985. “Herbert Spencer's Henchmen: The Evolution of Protestant Liberals in Late Nineteenth-Century America.” In Darwinism and Divinity: Essays on Evolution and Religious Belief, edited by John Durant, 76-100. Oxford: Basil Blackwell. Nicholls, Henry. 2015. The Galapagos: A Natural History. London: Profile Books. Nott, Josiah Clark, and George Robins Gliddon. 1854. Types of Mankind: or, Ethnological Researches, Based Upon the Ancient Monuments, Paintings, Sculptures, and Crania of Races, and Upon Their Natural, Geographical, Philological, and Biblical History: Illustrated by Selections from the Inedited Papers of Samuel George Morton, MD... Philadelphia: Lippincott, Grambo and Co. Pellegrino, Charles. 1985. “Dinosaur Capsule.” Omni 7 (4):38-40, 114-115. Rehbock, Philip F. 1990. “Transcendental Anatomy.” In Romanticism and the Sciences, edited by Andrew Cunningham and Nicholas Jardine, 144-160. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Roughgarden, Joan. 2009. The Genial Gene: Deconstructing Darwinian Selfishness. Berkeley: University of California Press. Strick, James. 2004. “Creating a Cosmic Discipline: The Crystallization and Consolidation of Exobiology, 1957–1973.” Journal of the History of Biology 37:131-180. Sullivan, Charles, and Cameron Mcpherson Smith. 2005. “Getting the Monkey off Darwin’s Back: Four Common Myths About Evolution.” Skeptical Inquirer 29 (3):http://www.csicop.org/si/show/getting_the_monkey_off_darwins_back/. Todes, Daniel. 1987. “Darwin's Malthusian Metaphor and Russian Evolutionary Thought, 1859-1917.” Isis 78 (4):537-551. UNESCO. 1950a. “The Race Question.” In UNESCO and its Programmes, volume 3, edited by UNESCO, 1-11. Paris: UNESCO. UNESCO. 1950b. “Statement by Experts on Race Problems.” unpublished document dated 20 July 1950, UNESCO/SS/1 Paris. 6 HPSC2013 Evolution in Science and Culture 2015-16 syllabus Assessment summary Description Word limit CW Coursework 2,500 words EX Exam 3 hours coursework For the coursework, you have several options. Select one. Essays must be submitted via Moodle. In extremis, e-mail your essay to Prof Cain <[email protected]> by the deadline. Option 1: Darwin’s own writing Darwin wrote many books. How do they fit together? Do they assemble as pieces in a coherent research programme? In this essay, you must read Darwin in the original. You certainly do not need to read all his work, but you should provide evidence of having read those associated with the research programme you are discussing. You may include his books, short papers, and correspondence. All his works are available online <http://darwin-online.org.uk>. Option 2: Darwin’s many bulldogs Darwin had defenders. They played an essential role in building his reputation and defining “Darwinism” for later generations. Write an essay in which you analyze the work of one of these defenders in terms of what they did for Darwin and Darwinism. Do not write a biography of the person; instead, analyze their work as an advocacy project. What are they defending? How do they deploy Darwin in this defense? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Dawkins, Richard Gould, Stephen Jay Hooker, Joseph Huxley, Julian Jones, Steve Lubbock, John Morgan, Elaine Pitt-Rivers, Augustus Ruse, Michael Tyndale, John Option 3: specific titles 1. 2. 3. 4. Peter Bowler has written extensively on the Darwinian revolution. Assess his views. Investigate how WRF Weldon provided the first convincing evidence of natural selection. Wallace and Darwin were not rivals, intellectually or socially. Or, were they? The Vestiges of the Natural History of Creation (1844) promoted evolution long before Darwin’s Origin of Species. 5. Reviews of Darwin’s main works (The Origin and Descent of Man) were devastating in the first decade after their publication. 6. Lynn Margulis re-wrote the way we understand the history of life. Investigate her ideas and impact. 7. Nick Lane is working to set new priorities in the study of origins of life. Summarize his position and place it in historical context, including its reception. 7 HPSC2013 Evolution in Science and Culture 2015-16 syllabus 8. Jared Diamond has written extensively on humans from the position of an evolutionary (cultural) anthropologist. Summarize his main ideas and summarize their reception. supporting information I encourage you to discuss your essay with me well in advance of the due date. Best to e-mail and make an appointment. Your research should begin with readings for this module, but must include more sources than this. Include primary sources. Citations should follow my guidance, both for printed and Web sources. Links to both are on the module Web site. The type of assessment sheet I use while marking essays is available via the module Web site, for guidance purposes. Marks generally follow the departmental criteria for assessment. In sum, essays will be assessed on the following terms: • • • • • the depth of scholarship and use of resources beyond those in lecture and required reading the ability to identify both major and subtle points of the subject the extent of your critical assessment the evidence you provide for having reflected on and extended module content and themes the general scholarly presentation of the work performed My most common criticisms on student essays relate to: • • • • • too much description/summary of readings and not enough analysis not developing your own argument no evidence of independent research terrible organisation and poor referencing techniques use of only one source or poor choice of sources (such as the Encyclopaedia Britannica or Wikipedia) 8