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AP Psychology Unit Outline #4 Fall Semester 2014 Bacile Unit IV: Consciousness Corresponding Modules : 22-25 Topic: Consciousness (2-4%) UNIT IV OUTLINE: States of Consciousness OVERVIEW States of Consciousness Consciousness—our awareness of ourselves and our environment—can be experienced in various states. The States of Consciousness unit examines not only waking consciousness, but also sleep and dreaming, daydreaming, fantasies, hypnotic states, drug-altered states, and near-death experiences. Most of the terminology in this chapter is introduced in the sections on Sleep and Dreams and Drugs and Consciousness. Among the issues discussed in this unit are the reasons for sleep and dreams, whether hypnosis is a unique state of consciousness, and possible psychological and social roots of drug use. OBJECTIVES Describe the sleep cycle and identify what occurs in each stage Compare differences between NREM and REM Describe the major sleep disorders Explain the purpose of dreams Discuss hypnosis and describe the characteristics of those more likely to be hypnotized Discuss dependence, tolerance and withdrawal in relation to drug use Chart names and effects of depressants, stimulants and hallucinogenic drugs Describe the effects of depressants, stimulants and hallucinogens VOCABULARY Note: It is EXTREMELY important that you know and understand ALL relevant vocabulary prior to the end of each unit. It is highly recommended that you use some method of “vocabulary learning.” Please note that there will be frequent vocabulary quizzes, as your success on the AP Psychology Exam is dependent on your knowledge of psychological terminology. 164. 165. 166. 167. 168. 169. 170. 171. 172. 173. 174. 175. Consciousness Biological rhythms Circadian rhythm REM sleep Alpha waves Sleep Hallucinations Delta waves Insomnia Narcolepsy Sleep apnea Night terrors 176. 177. 178. 179. 180. 181. 182. 183. 184. 185. 186. 187. Dream Manifest content REM rebound Hypnosis Posthypnotic suggestion Dissociation Psychoactive drug Tolerance Withdrawal Physical dependence Psychological dependence Addiction 188. 189. 190. 191. 192. 193. 194. 195. 196. 197. 198. Depressants Barbiturates Opiates Stimulants Amphetamines Methamphetamines Ecstasy (MDMA) Hallucinogens LSD THC Near-death experience IMPORTANT FIGURES Calvin Hall Sigmund Freud Rosalind Cartwright J. Allan Hobson Ernest Hilgard Irving Kirsch READING OUTLINE Directions: In AP Psychology is it ESSENTIAL that you keep up with the reading schedule (please see Unit IV: States of Consciousness Calendar). Please keep in mind that there will be frequent reading quizzes. Modules 22-25 I. II. CONSCIOUSNESS AND HYPNOSIS (p. 218-223) SLEEP PATTERNS AND SLEEP THEORIES (p. 225-233) a. Biological Rhythms b. The Rhythm of Sleep c. Why Do We Sleep? III. SLEEP DEPRIVATION, DISORDERS, AND DREAMS (p. 234-243) a. Facts and Falsehoods b. Effects of Sleep Loss c. Insomnia, Sleep Apnea, Nightmares, Night Terrors d. What are Dreams? e. Why do we dream what we do? IV. DRUGS AND CONSCIOUSNESS (p. 246-256) a. Dependence and Addiction b. Psychoactive Drugs c. Influences on Drug Use