Download Chapter 9: DNA - Elmwood Park Memorial High School

Chapter 9: DNA: The Genetic Material
Study Guide
Vocabulary Review
1. 2. 3. 4. A five-carbon sugar found in DNA nucleotides.
An enzyme that adds nucleotides to exposed nitrogen bases.
Substance prepared from killed or weakened microorganisms.
Change in phenotype of bacteria caused by the presence of foreign genetic
material.
5. The term double ______________ is used to describe the shape of DNA.
6. A virus that infects bacteria.
7. Enzyme that separates DNA by breaking the hydrogen bonds that link the
nitrogen bases.
8. Name for a DNA subunit.
9. The process by which DNA is copied.
10. A replication _____________ is the area that results after the double helix
separates during replication.
11. Base- ___________________ rules describe the arrangement of the nitrogen
bases between two DNA strands.
Complete each statement by writing the correct term or phrase in the space
provided.
1. In 1928, Frederick Griffith found that the capsule that enclosed one strain of
Streptococcus pneumonia caused the microorganism’s
_____________________________________.
2. Avery’s experiment demonstrated that DNA is the ___________________________
material.
3. After infecting E. coli bacteria with 32P-labeled phages, Hershey and Chase
traced the 32P. The scientists fond most of the radioactive substance in the
_____________________________.
4. Watson and Crick used the X-ray ____________________________ photographs
of Wilkins and Franklin to build their model of DNA.
5. The process of making new DNA is called ________________________________.
6. The point at which the double helix separates during replication is called the
_____________________________________.
7. DNA replication occurs during the _________________________ phase of the cell
cycle.
8. Eukaryotic DNA contains many replication forks working in concert, whereas
prokaryotic DNA contains only ___________________________ replication forks
during replication.
Concepts to Understand:
• • • • • • • • • • • Base- pairing rules
Complementary base pairs
Components of a nucleotide
Why Hershey and Chase used radioactive elements in their experiments?
The role of DNA polymerase during replication.
The role of DNA helicase during replication.
Structure of DNA
Identification of nitrogen bases
Scientists that contributed to and determined the structure of DNA.
Transformation
Steps of DNA replication