Download Passive and Active Transport Notes

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Types of Cellular Transport
Wee!!!
•  Passive Transport
cell doesn t use energy
Passive & Active Transport
Notes
Page ____
high
1.  Diffusion (particles)
2.  Facilitated Diffusion
(transport proteins)
3. Osmosis (water)
•  Active Transport
cell does use energy
low
This is
gonna be
hard
work!!
high
1.  Protein Pumps (transport)
2.  Endocytosis (enter)
3.  Exocytosis (exit)
Passive Transport:
1. Diffusion
Passive Transport
• 
• 
• 
cell uses no energy
molecules move randomly
Molecules spread out from an area of high
concentration to an area of low
concentration.
Simple Diffusion
Animation
1.  Diffusion: random movement of
particles from an area of high
concentration to an area of low
concentration.
(High to Low)
• 
(High!Low)
low
Diffusion continues until all
molecules are evenly spaced
(equilibrium is reached)-Note:
molecules will still move around but
stay spread out.
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Passive Transport:
2. Facilitated Diffusion
Passive Transport: 2. Facilitated Diffusion
A
B
2. Facilitated diffusion:
diffusion of specific particles
with HELP from a
transport proteins
a. Transport Proteins are
Facilitated
specific – they select
diffusion
only certain molecules
(Channel
to cross the membrane
Protein)
b. Transports larger or
charged molecules
(sugar)
Cellular Transport From aHigh Concentration
High
Channel Proteins
animations
" 
Cell Membrane
Diffusion
(Lipid
Bilayer)
Carrier Protein
Passive Transport:
3. Osmosis
Glucose
molecules
Osmosis
animation
Low Concentration
Protein
channel
Low
Transport
Go to
Section:
Through a
Protein
!
How Organisms Deal
with Osmotic Pressure
• 
Paramecium
(protist) removing
excess water video
• Bacteria and plants have cell walls that prevent them
from over-expanding. In plants the pressure exerted on
the cell wall is called tugor pressure.
•  3.Osmosis: diffusion of
water through a
selectively permeable
membrane
•  Water moves from high to
low concentrations
• A protist like paramecium has contractile vacuoles that
collect water flowing in and pump it out to prevent them
from over-expanding.
• Water moves freely
through pores.
• Solute (green) to large
to move across.
• Salt water fish pump salt out of their specialized gills so
they do not dehydrate.
• Animal cells are bathed in blood. Kidneys keep the
blood isotonic by remove excess salt and water.
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Active Transport
Types of Active Transport
• cell uses energy (ATP)
• actively moves molecules
to where they are needed
• Movement from an area
of low concentration to
an area of high
concentration
(Low ! High)
Types of Active Transport
2. Endocytosis: taking bulky
material into a cell
•  Uses energy
•  Cell membrane in-folds
around food particle
Aka: cell eating
•  forms food vacuole &
digests food
(This is how white blood
cells eat bacteria!)
1. Protein Pumps transport proteins that
require energy to do
work
• Example: Sodium /
Potassium Pumps are
important in nerve
responses.
Sodium
Potassium
Pumps (Active
Transport using
proteins)
Protein changes
shape to move
molecules: this
requires energy!
2 Types of Endocytosis…
1) Phagocytosis:
large
PARTICLES are
engulfed
2) Pinocytosis:
WATER drops
are engulfed
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Types of Active Transport
3. Exocytosis: Forces
material out of cell in
bulk
•  membrane surrounding the
material fuses with cell
membrane
•  Cell changes shape –
requires energy
EX: Hormones or wastes
released from cell
Endocytosis &
Exocytosis
animations
Compare:
Passive to Active Transport
•  Passive Transport
-Moves from HIGH to LOW
3 Types:
1) Diffusion- particles move
from H to L
2) Osmosis- water moves
from H to L
3) Facilitated Diffusionparticles move from H to L
with the HELP of transport
protein
REQUIRES NO ENERGY
(ATP)
•  Active Transport
Moves from LOW to HIGH
3 Types:
1) Endocytosis- particles into
the cell
2) Exocytosis- particles exists
the cell
3) Protein Pump- particles
moves with HELP of a
transport protein with ATP
REQUIRES ENERGY (ATP)
Exit Ticket
1. (Passive/Active) Transport is from High to Low.
2. (Passive/Active) Transport requires Energy.
3.  ______________ transports proteins across a
membrane and requires energy.
4. (Osmosis/Diffusion) water moves from High to
Low.
5. (Osmosis/Endocytosis) particles moves from Low to
High.
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