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Mr. Edington’s Chemistry Class Chemistry Essential Questions 1. What are the physical models, symbolic notations, graphical models and mathematical models that we use to represent, analyze, and communicate structure and relationships in chemical systems and chemical interactions? 2. What observations about chemical systems and chemical interactions lead us to form the physical, graphical, and mathematical models that we use to represent, analyze, and communicate structure and relationships in chemical systems and chemical interactions? 3. How do we use the physical models, symbolic notations, graphical models and mathematical models of chemistry to represent, analyze, and communicate structure and relationships in chemical systems and chemical interactions? What are the models? From what observations do we infer these models? How do we use these models? High School Chemistry Essential Questions A. What is the kinetic-particle model of matter, what evidence do we have for the kinetic-particle model of matter, and how do we use the kinetic-particle model of matter to represent, analyze, and communicate structure and relationships in chemical systems and chemical interactions? B. What is the atomic model of molecules, what evidence do we have for the atomic model of molecules, and how do we use the atomic model of molecules to represent, analyze, and communicate structure and relationships in chemical systems and chemical interactions? C. What is the electron-proton-ion model of matter, what evidence do we have for the electron-proton-ion model of matter, and how do we use the electron-proton-ion model of matter to represent, analyze, and communicate structure and relationships in chemical systems and chemical interactions? D. What is the nuclear model of the atom, what evidence do we have for the nuclear model of the atom, and how do we use the nuclear model of the atom to represent, analyze, and communicate structure and relationships in chemical systems and chemical interactions? E. What is the collision model of chemical interactions, what evidence do we have for the collision model of chemical interactions, and how do we use the collision model of chemical interactions to represent, analyze, and communicate structure and relationships in chemical systems and chemical interactions? F. What is the equilibrium model of chemical interactions, what evidence do we have for the equilibrium model of chemical interactions, and how do we use the equilibrium model of chemical interactions to represent, analyze, and communicate structure and relationships in chemical systems and chemical interactions? Edington 3/9/2004 Page 1 of 3 Mr. Edington’s Chemistry Course Outline 0. Quantitative Scientific Methods Observation and Inference Qualitative and Quantitative Observations Measuring mass and volume Graphing experimental data Extracting a mathematical model from experimental data Density Uncertainty in measured quantities Significant figures Uncertainty in calculated quantities 4. Extending Our Model Of Gases (A, B, E) Barometers And Manometers Mole Fraction, Partial Pressure, And Partial Volume Absolute (Kelvin) Temperature Temperature And Pressure Relationship Temperature And Volume Relationship Combined Gas Law Stoichiometry At Nonstandard Conditions 1. A Particle Model of Gases (A) Kinetic-Particle Model Of Gases Pressure Pressure And Volume Relationship Pressure And Number Of Particles Relationship Molecules Avogadro’s Hypothesis Molecular Weights The Mole Molar Volume 5. Extending Our Model Of The Atom (A, B, C, E, F) Electrical Nature Of Matter Electrostatic Force Electron-Proton Model Of The Atom Conductivity Of Water Solutions Ions: Cations And Anions Polyatomic Ions Writing Formulas Of Ionic Compounds Naming Ionic Compounds Hydrates Ionic Precipitation Reactions Net Ionic Equations 2. An Atomic Model Of Molecules (A, B, E) Combining Volumes Of Gases And The Atomic Model Chemical Equations Chemical Formulas And Structural Formulas Isomers Elements And Compounds Monatomic And Diatomic Element Formulas Metallic, Metalloid, And Nonmetallic Elements Naming Binary Nonmetal Compounds Molar Mass From The Periodic Table 6. Atomic Structure And Radioactivity (C, D) Nuclear Model Of The Atom Neutrons And Isotopes Ion Formation And Patterns In Ionization Energy Electron Grouping And Electron Structure Core And Valence Electrons Predicting Stable Ions Atomic Spectra And Electron Energy Levels Electron Orbital Model Radioactivity, Half-Life, And Nuclear Reactions Optional: Electron Configurations 3. Chemical Reactions And Calculations (A, B, E) Conservation Of Atoms And Mass Balancing Equations Combustion Mole, Volume, And Mass Stoichiometry Calorimetry Energy In Chemical Equations 7. Molecular Substances (A, B, C, D) Lewis Diagrams The Covalent Bond Explaining Simple Molecular Formulas Multiple Covalent Bonds A Model For Molecular Geometry Polar Molecules And Electronegativity Intermolecular Forces Ionic Verses Molecular Substances Edington 3/9/2004 Page 2 of 3 8. Solids, Liquids, And Solutions (A, B, C, D) Ionic, Molecular, And Network Substances The Metallic Bond And Metallic Substances Solutions Solution Concentration Dilution Melting And Boiling Temperatures Of Solutions Distillation 10. Speed Of Chemical Reactions (A, B, C, E, F) Reaction Time, Speed, And Rate Concentration Effects Collision Model Temperature Effects Activation Energy Catalyst And Inhibitor Effects Contact Area Effects Reaction Nature Effects Reaction Mechanism And Rate-Determining Step 9. Energy Changes During Chemical Reactions (A, B, C, D, E) Energy Changes During Chemical Reactions Heat Energy, Chemical Energy, And ∆H Reaction Energy Diagrams Additivity Of Heats Of Reaction: Hess’s Law Comparing Physical, Chemical, And Nuclear Energy Changes Types Of Chemical Energy 11. Chemical Equilibrium (A, B, C, E, F) Equilibrium Conditions Dynamic Aspects Of Equilibrium Altering Equilibrium Positions Le Chatelier’s Principle Equilibrium Law Relation Calculating And Using Equilibrium Constants Equilibrium Stoichiometry Energy, Entropy, And Equilibrium 12. Acids And Bases (A, B, C, E, F) Common Acids And Acid Properties Common Bases And Base Properties Autoionization Of Water Acid And Base Behavior In Water Kw And Ph Ph Indicators Neutralization Acid-Base Titration Buffers Acid Rain Formation Edington 3/9/2004 Page 3 of 3