Download CHE 1401 - Fall 2013 - Chapter 7 Homework 7 (Chapter 7: Periodic

CHE 1401 - Fall 2013 - Chapter 7
Homework 7 (Chapter 7: Periodic properties of the elements)
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MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the
question.
1) Hydrogen is unique among the elements because __________.
1. It has only one valence electron.
2. It is the only element that can emit an atomic spectrum.
3. Its electron is not at all shielded from its nucleus.
4. It is the lightest element.
5. It is the only element to exist at room temperature as a diatomic gas.
A) 1, 2, 3, 4
B) 1, 3, 4
C) 2, 3, 4
D) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
E) 3, 4
1)
2) Which equation correctly represents the electron affinity of calcium?
A) Ca- (g) → Ca (g) + e-
2)
B) Ca (g) → Ca+ (g) + eC) Ca+ (g) + e- → Ca (g)
D) Ca (g) + e- → Ca- (g)
E) Ca (g) → Ca- (g) + e3) Element M reacts with oxygen to form an oxide with the formula MO. When
MO is dissolved in water, the resulting solution is basic. Element M could be
__________.
A) Na
B) N
C) S
D) Ba
E) C
3)
Consider the following electron configurations to answer the questions that follow:
(i) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1
(ii) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2
(iii)1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p1
(iv)1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p4
(v) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p5
4) The electron configuration belonging to the atom with the highest second
ionization energy is __________.
A) (i)
B) (ii)
C) (iii)
D) (iv)
E) (v)
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4)
5) The electron configuration of the atom that is expected to have a positive
electron affinity is __________.
A) (i)
B) (ii)
C) (iii)
D) (iv)
E) (v)
5)
6) Which one of the following atoms has the largest radius?
A) Co
B) I
C) Sr
D) Ca
6)
E) Ba
7) Of the elements below, __________ has the largest first ionization energy.
A) H
B) Na
C) K
D) Rb
E) Li
7)
8) In nature, the noble gases exist as
A) alkali metal salts
B) the gaseous fluorides
C) solids in rocks and in minerals
D) monatomic gaseous atoms
E) the sulfides
8)
9) __________ is isoelectronic with argon and __________ is isoelectronic with
neon.
A) Cl-, F-
9)
B) F+, FC) Cl-, Cl+
D) Ne-, Ar+
E) Ne-, Kr+
10) __________ have the lowest first ionization energies of the groups listed.
A) Alkali metals
B) Noble gases
C) Transition elements
D) Halogens
E) Alkaline earth metals
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10)
11) Hydrogen is unique among the elements because __________.
1. It is not really a member of any particular group.
2. Its electron is not at all shielded from its nucleus.
3. It is the lightest element.
4. It is the only element to exist at room temperature as a diatomic gas.
5. It exhibits some chemical properties similar to those of groups 1A and 7A.
A) 1, 2, 3, 5
B) 1, 4, 5
C) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
D) 3, 4
E) 2, 3, 4, 5
11)
12) Alkali metals tend to be more reactive than alkaline earth metals because
__________.
A) alkali metals have lower densities
B) alkali metals have greater electron affinities
C) alkali metals have lower ionization energies
D) alkali metals have lower melting points
E) alkali metals are not more reactive than alkaline earth metals
12)
13) In which orbital does an electron in a phosphorus atom experience the greatest
effective nuclear charge?
A) 1s
B) 3p
C) 3s
D) 2s
E) 2p
13)
14) Of the following elements, __________ has the most negative electron affinity.
A) Cl
B) Si
C) B
D) P
E) Al
14)
15) Consider the following properties of an element:
(i) It is solid at room temperature.
(ii) It easily forms an oxide when exposed to air.
(iii) When it reacts with water, hydrogen gas evolves.
(iv) It must be stored submerged in oil.
Which element fits the above description the best?
A) sulfur
B) mercury
C) sodium
D) magnesium
E) copper
15)
16) Which one of the following atoms has the largest radius?
A) F
B) S
C) O
D) Ne
16)
E) Cl
17) Which of the following has the largest second ionization energy?
A) P
B) Na
C) Mg
D) Si
E) Al
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17)
18) Of the elements below, __________ has the highest melting point.
A) Ca
B) Fe
C) Na
D) K
18)
E) Ba
19) Of the following atoms, which has the largest first ionization energy?
A) Br
B) P
C) I
D) O
E) C
19)
20) Of the following elements, which has the largest first ionization energy?
A) K
B) Ca
C) Ba
D) Rb
E) Sr
20)
21) Of the following oxides, __________ is the most acidic.
A) CaO
B) Al2O3
C) Li2O
D) Na2O
21)
E) CO 2
22) This element is more reactive than lithium and magnesium but less reactive
than potassium. This element is __________.
A) Ca
B) Fr
C) Na
D) Rb
E) Be
22)
23) When two elements combine to form a compound, the greater the difference in
metallic character between the two elements, the greater the likelihood that the
compound will be __________.
A) a gas at room temperature
B) nonmetallic
C) a solid at room temperature
D) metallic
E) a liquid at room temperature
23)
24) Which element would be expected to have chemical and physical properties
closest to those of fluorine?
A) Fe
B) O
C) Ne
D) Cl
E) S
24)
25) Of the following metals, __________ exhibits multiple oxidation states.
A) Cs
B) Al
C) Ca
D) Na
E) V
25)
26) The ion with the smallest diameter is __________.
A) BrB) IC) O2-
26)
D) Cl-
E) F-
27) Of the following elements, __________ has the most negative electron affinity.
A) I
B) Cl
C) Br
D) Se
E) S
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27)
28) The effective nuclear charge of an atom is primarily affected by __________.
A) orbital radial probability
B) outer electrons
C) electrondistribution
D) inner electrons
E) nuclear charge
28)
29) Of the following elements, which have been shown to form compounds?
29)
helium
neon
argon
krypton
xenon
A) xenon, krypton, and argon
B) xenon and krypton
C) xenon and argon
D) xenon only
E) None of the above can form compounds.
30) The alkali metal that is naturally radioactive is __________.
A) cesium
B) lithium
C) rubidium
D) francium
E) sodium
30)
31) Which one of the following has the smallest radius?
A) P
B) Fe
C) Cl
D) Na
31)
E) Br
32) Which one of the following compounds would produce an acidic solution when
dissolved in water?
A) CaO
B) MgO
C) CO2
D) Na2O
E) SrO
32)
33) The acidity of carbonated water is due to the __________.
A) nonmetal oxides
B) addition of acid
C) reaction of CO2 and H2O
D) presence of sulfur
E) none of the above
33)
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34) Atomic radius generally increases as we move __________.
A) up a group and from right to left across a period
B) down a group; the period position has no effect
C) down a group and from left to right across a period
D) down a group and from right to left across a period
E) up a group and from left to right across a period
34)
35) Which element is solid at room temperature?
A) Br2
B) I2
C) H2
35)
D) Cl2
36) Of the following species, __________ has the largest radius.
A) Kr
B) Rb +
C) BrD) Sr2+
E) F2
36)
E) Ar
37) In which of the following atoms is the 2s orbital closest to the nucleus?
A) P
B) S
C) Si
D) Cl
E) The 2s orbitals are the same distance from the nucleus in all of these
atoms.
37)
38) Nonmetals can be __________ at room temperature.
A) solid or liquid
B) solid only
C) liquid or gas
D) liquid only
E) solid, liquid, or gas
38)
39) Chlorine is much more apt to exist as an anion than is sodium. This is because
__________.
A) chlorine is a gas and sodium is a solid
B) chlorine has a greater electron affinity than sodium does
C) chlorine is bigger than sodium
D) chlorine is more metallic than sodium
E) chlorine has a greater ionization energy than sodium does
39)
40) The list that correctly indicates the order of metallic character is __________.
A) B > N > C
B) P > S > Se
C) F > Cl > S
D) Na > K > Rb
E) Si > P > S
40)
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