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Transcript
1. Element • A fundamental material consisting of only one type of atom 2. Periodic Table • A chart in which all known elements are organized by their properties 3. Atomic Symbol •An abbreviation for an element or atom. 4. Atomic nucleus • The dense, positively charged center of every atom. 5. Electron • An extremely small, negatively charged subatomic particle found outside the atomic nucleus. 6. Proton • A positively charged subatomic particle of the atomic nucleus 7. Atomic number •A count of the number of protons in the atomic nucleus 8. Neutron • An electrically neutral subatomic particle of the atomic nucleus 9. Nucleon • Any subatomic particle found in the atomic nucleus. Another name for either proton or neutron. 10. Isotope • Atoms of the same element whose nuclei contain the same number of protons but different number of neutrons 11. Mass number • The number of nucleons (protons and neutrons) in the atomic nucleus. Used primarily to identify isotopes. 12. Atomic mass • The mass of an element’s atoms listed in the periodic table as an average value based on the relative abundance of the element’s isotopes. 13. Metal •An element that is shiny, opaque, and able to conduct electricity and heat 14. Nonmetal •An element located toward the upper right of the periodic table and is neither a metal or metalloid 15. Metalloid •An element that exhibits some properties of metals and some properties of nonmetals. 16. Period •A horizontal row in the periodic table. 17. Group •A vertical column in the periodic table, also known as a family of elements 18. Periodic trend •The gradual change of any property in the elements across a period. RQ 1 •You can expect to find one type of atom in a sample of any element RQ2 • The difference between atom and element is atoms are submicroscopic particles that make up elements and element refers to the microscopic and macroscopic samples. RQ 3 • The electric force of repulsion that occurs between atoms as they meet prevents us from being able to walk through walls. RQ 4 • Electric repulsion prevents atoms from squishing into one another unless they are joining in a chemical bond. RQ 5 •A proton is 2000 times more massive than an electron RQ 6 •The electric charge of a proton is + and – for an electron RQ 7 • The atomic number is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. RQ 8 •Elements in the periodic table are listed in order of increasing atomic number. RQ 9 • Atomic mass is the weighted average of the masses of all the isotopes based on their relative abundance by percent. RQ 10 • Protons and neutrons are two nucleons RQ 11 • Atomic number is the number of protons in the nucleus and mass number is the total number of nucleons (the protons and neutrons) in the nucleus. RQ 12 Mass number is the count of nucleons in an isotope and atomic mass is the measure of the average mass of an atom including the relative abundance of its element’s isotopes. RQ 13 •The periodic table organizes elements based on physical and chemical properties. RQ 14 •Most elements are metals RQ 15 • Hydrogen is considered nonmetal because it only behaves like a liquid metal at very high pressures. Under normal conditions H atoms combine to form H2 which behaves like a gas. RQ 16 • Metalloids are located between metals and nonmetals. RQ 17 • The periodic table has 7 periods and 18 groups. RQ 18 • Group 17 elements are called halogens because they form salts and halogen means salt in Greek. RQ 19 • Group 18 also called the noble gases are all gases at room temperature. RQ 20 • Transition metals are not listed in the main body of the periodic table so it will fit on one page.