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Inheritance – question hunt Teaching notes This resource is a series of questions which become more demanding – ranging from asking students to state/name something to asking them to explain a more difficult concept. It could be used in a variety of ways. 1. The cards could be cut up and placed around the room (more than one set could be distributed). The students move round to find cards, and then record their answers on paper. They could be asked to find two of each type of question, e.g. state, define and explain. The cards could be photocopied onto different coloured card depending on the demand of the question. The task could be differentiated by asking different groups to find different numbered/coloured cards. 2. The cards could be used as a quick starter where a student picks a card and reads out the question. Students discuss the answer in pairs and one pair is picked to suggest an answer. If the answer is correct, they choose the next card. 3. The cards could be used as a team quiz where teams choose to attempt an easy/medium/difficult question. If they get it right, then they are awarded 1 point for easy, 2 points for medium and 3 points for difficult questions. © www.teachitscience.co.uk 2012 20141 Page 1 of 3 Inheritance – question hunt 1. 2. 3. 4. Name the two types of cell division. Name a genetic disorder caused by a recessive allele. Name a genetic disorder caused by a dominant allele. Give two examples of how stem cells can be used to treat medical conditions. 5. 6. 7. 8. Name the plant which Mendel studied. What name is given to an individual who has the genotype Cc where c is the allele for cystic fibrosis. Name the two types of allele that exist. What is the term given to a genotype with two dominant alleles. 9. 10. 11. 12. Describe the process of mitosis. Describe Mendel’s discoveries. Describe the process of meiosis. Describe the structure and location of stem cells in humans. 13. 14. 15. 16. Define the terms “dominant allele” and “recessive allele”. Describe how a Punnett square is used. Describe the difference between homozygous and heterozygous genotypes. Describe the difference between DNA, genes and chromosomes. 17. 18. 19. 20. Explain why DNA can be used to identify individuals. Explain the difference between phenotype and genotype. Explain how cell division by meiosis gives rise to variation. Explain how gender is determined in humans. 21. 22. 23. 24. Explain why there are no carriers of a disease caused by a dominant allele. Explain why two tall plants produce tall and short offspring. Explain why a plant Explain why mitosis with a genotype Tt will produces two be tall. daughter cells whereas meiosis produces four daughter cells. © www.teachitscience.co.uk 2012 20141 Page 2 of 3 Inheritance – question hunt Suggested answers 1. 2. 3. 4. Meiosis, mitosis Cystic fibrosis Huntington’s disease To grow into tissue to mend damaged tissue e.g. heart disease. Replace cells e.g. insulin producing cells in diabetic. 5. Sweetpea 6. Carrier 7. Dominant, recessive 8. Homozygous 9. Cell division, chromosomes copied, line up in middle, each set moves to opposite poles, cell divides, chromosome number maintained. 10. Mendel discovered that characteristics are not blended, there are dominant forms and recessive forms of characteristics. 11. Cell division, chromosomes copied, line up in middle in pairs, crossing over may occur, one of each pair moves to opposite poles, cell divides. Chromosomes then line up in middle in each new cell, each set moves to opposite pole, cell divides. Four daughter cells, all haploid. 12. Early embryos, unspecialised cells 13. Allele is a form of a gene. Dominant allele is expressed over a recessive allele. 14. Used to show the results of a cross. Like a table, parental genotypes are put in first row and column, four possible offspring genotypes are put in the remaining boxes. 15. Homozygous – both alleles are the same e.g. TT or tt. Heterozygous – both alleles are different e.g. Tt 16. DNA is a molecule, chromosomes are structures made of long coiled DNA molecules and proteins, a gene is a section of a chromosome that codes for one characteristic (protein). 17. DNA fingerprinting. DNA code is unique to each individual. 18. Phenotype is the expression of a characteristic that can be observed. Genotype is the genetic makeup of an organism. 19. Crossing over chromosomes when lined up. Random lining up of chromosomes. 20. Sex chromosomes, XX – female, XY – male. When crossed 50% offspring are female, 50% are male. 21. The gene for tallness has two alleles T (tall) and t (short). T is dominant so masks the recessive short allele. 22. Cells divide once in mitosis, cells divide twice in meiosis. 23. Carriers have heterozygous genotype. If disease caused by a dominant allele then will be expressed in a heterozygous individual. 24. Both must be heterozygous so when crossed 25 % of offspring will be homozygous recessive and therefore short. © www.teachitscience.co.uk 2012 20141 Page 3 of 3