Download Dissociative Disorders

Somatic Symptom and related
disorders
(Somatoform disorders)
Utilize Barron’s Book this information
is not in your text.
Somatoform Disorders
• Occur when a person
manifests a
psychological
problem through a
physiological
symptom.
Conversion Disorder
(aka Functional neurological symptom disorder)
• A person
experiences very
specific physical
symptoms for which
no physical basis can
be found.
• blindness
• paralysis
• Inability to swallow
Illness Anxiety Disorder
(Hypochondriasis)
• Interpret normal
sensations
(headache, stomach
cramps, etc) as
symptoms of a
dreaded disease.
Theories about possible causes of
Somatic Symptom Disorder
1. Psychoanalytical – outward manifestations of
unresolved unconscious conflicts.
2. Behaviorist – somatic symptoms are being
reinforced for their behavior
Dissociative Disorders
Utilize Barron’s Book and pages 644645 in text
Dissociative Disorders
• Disruption in
conscious processes.
• Often in response to
an overwhelmingly
stressful situation.
• Three types….
Dissociative Amnesia
• Suffer a complete
loss of identity.
• May experience a
fugue state – person
travels away from
home “Jane Doe”
Dissociative Identity Disorder
• A person has several
rather than one
integrated
personality.
• Various mannerisms
and accents
Understanding DID
Support
• Handedness changes
• Shift of visual acuity
• Heightened activity in brain
areas associated with
control and inhibition of
traumatic memories.
Against
• Role playing and fantasy
prone people
• Disorder localized
Personality Disorders
Pages in textbook 653-657
Barron’s book pages 249-250
Personality Disorders
• Well-established,
maladaptive ways of
behaving that
negatively affect
people’s ability to
function.
• Significant
impairments in self
and interpersonal
functioning.
• Dominates their
personality.
Personality Disorders Clusters
Cluster A (odd or eccentric
behavior)
• Paranoid
• Schizoid
• Schizotypal
Cluster B (dramatic or impulsive
behavior; attention-getting)
• Antisocial
• Borderline
• Histrionic
• Narcissistic
Cluster C (anxiety-related)
• Avoidant
• Dependent
• Obsessive-compulsive
Cluster B
Narcissistic Personality Disorder
• Pervasive pattern of
grandiosity
• Need for admiration
• Exaggerated sense
of self-importance
Histrionic Personality Disorder
• Pervasive and excessive emotionality
and attention-seeking behavior
• Feels uncomfortable and unappreciated
if he/she is not center of attention.
• Melodramatic and flirtatious manner
Borderline Personality Disorder
• Pervasive pattern of instability in interpersonal
relationships and self-image
• Impulsive
• Intensely concerned with abandonment
People with this disorder are prone to constant mood swings and bouts of
anger.
Antisocial Personality Disorder
• Disregard for, and
violation of, the rights of
others
• Deceit, manipulation, and
exploitation
• Lack of empathy.
• Weak decision making
Causes:
•
•
•
•
•
•
Genetic
Little autonomic nervous system
arousal
Lower levels of stress hormone at
young age
Reduced activity in the frontal
lobes
11 % less frontal lobe tissue than
normal
Brain responds less to facial
displays of others in distress