Download Chapter 14 Reading Guide

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What scientist was particularly important to understanding biological inheritance?
What kind of plants did the scientist above use to conduct his studies?
What is fertilization?
What does “true-breeding” mean?
What are hybrids?
What was Mendel’s first conclusion from his experiment?
What are the chemical factors that scientists believe determine traits?
What are alleles?
What was Mendel’s second conclusion?
What is the F1 generation?
What is the F2 generation?
How did Mendel suggest that segregation of alleles occur?
What are gametes?
What is probability?
How is coin flipping relevant to genetics?
What is a Punnett Square?
How are Punnett Squares used?
What is homozygous?
What is heterozygous?
What is a phenotype?
What is a genotype?
What is the principle of independent assortment?
What is incomplete dominance?
What is codominance?
What are multiple alleles?
What are traits that are controlled by two or more genes?
What organism did American geneticist Thomas Hunt Morgan decide to study in order to advance the study of genetics?
Why were Morgan’s organisms ideal for studying genetics?
What are homologous chromosomes?
What are cells that contain both sets of chromosomes said to be?
What are cells that contain only a single set of genes said to be?
What is the diploid number of chromosomes in Drosophilia?
What is the haploid number of chromosomes in Drososphilia?
How are haploid (N) gametes produced from diploid (2N) cells?
What is Meiosis?
How many distinct divisions are involved in Meiosis?
What happens by the end of Meiosis I?
What happens by the end of Meiosis II?
Compare Mitosis and Meiosis.
What did Morgan discover about the more than 50 Drosophilia genes?
What did the student Alfred Sturtevant reason about crossing over of genes in Drosophilia?
Draw Figure 11-15 on page 276.
Draw Figure 11-17 on page 278.
At the end of Meiosis (spermatogenesis) in males, how many of the haploid (N) cells become sperm cells?
At the end of Meiosis (oogenesis) in females, how many of the haploid (N) cells become egg cells?
Chapter 14 Reading Guide
Answer all questions in complete sentences on your own paper.
1. What is a karyotype?
2. How many chromosomes does a human have?
3. How many chromosomes does a human sperm carry? Human egg?
4. What are sex chromosomes?
5. What chromosomes determine a female? A male?
6. What is an autosome?
7. What sex chromosomes do a sperm carry?
8. What is a pedigree?
9. What is the human genome?
10. Draw figure 11-4 a chart of human bold groups.
11. What does it mean that human blood groups are codominant?
12. How can you have Type O blood?
13. How can a disease of a recessive allele affect an individual?
14. Name the diseases caused by recessive alleles.
15. What is PKU?
16. What are two diseases caused by a Dominant Allele?
17. What is an example of a disease caused by codominance?
18. How does cystic fibrosis and sickle cell affect the body?
19. What molecule in blood does sickle cell affect?
20. How many base pairs does a normal diploid cell contain?
21. What are the smallest human chromosomes?
22. How many base pairs does chromosome 22 contain?
23. Where is the gene for ALS located?
24. What are sex-linked genes?
25. Which sex chromosome carries the genes for more diseases?
26. Why do sex-linked diseases affect males more often than females?
27. What is hemophilia?
28. What is Duchene Muscular Dystrophy?
29. Describe X inactivation.
30. What is the most common error in mitosis?
31. Describe the effects of Down Syndrome.
32. What are some examples of sex chromosome disorders?
33. What is DNA Fingerprinting?
34. What is DNA Fingerprinting used for?
35. What is the Human Genome Project?
36. What is Gene Therapy?