* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Cell Energy Study Guide
Survey
Document related concepts
Vectors in gene therapy wikipedia , lookup
Basal metabolic rate wikipedia , lookup
Fatty acid metabolism wikipedia , lookup
Gene regulatory network wikipedia , lookup
Electron transport chain wikipedia , lookup
Adenosine triphosphate wikipedia , lookup
Oxidative phosphorylation wikipedia , lookup
Microbial metabolism wikipedia , lookup
Evolution of metal ions in biological systems wikipedia , lookup
Light-dependent reactions wikipedia , lookup
Photosynthetic reaction centre wikipedia , lookup
Biochemistry wikipedia , lookup
Transcript
AP Biology: Cell Energy Study Guide Key Terms 3-PGA acetate (acetic acid) acetyl-CoA aerobic repiration anaerobic respiration anthocyanin ATP & ADP ATP synthase autotroph Calvin cycle carotanoid chemiosmosis chlorophyll citrate critae cytochromes ETC endergonic reaction energy coupling ethanol exergonic reaction FAD, FADH2 fermentation G3p glycolysis grana heterotroph Krebs cycle lactate (lactic acid) light reactions matrix metabolism NAD+, NADH NADP+, NADPH oxidation reaction phosphorylation photosystems pigment substrate-level phosphorelation pyruvate (pyruvic acid) redox reaction reduction reaction RuBP rubisco stomata stroma thylakoid ROYGBIV Photosynthesis Animations: Light Reactions: http://www.science.smith.edu/departments/Biology/Bio231/ltrxn.html Calvin Cycle: http://www.science.smith.edu/departments/Biology/Bio231/calvin.html Cellular Respiration Animations: Glycolysis: http://www.science.smith.edu/departments/Biology/Bio231/glycolysis.html Krebs Cycle: http://www.science.smith.edu/departments/Biology/Bio231/krebs.html Electron Transport Chain: http://www.science.smith.edu/departments/Biology/Bio231/etc.html 1. What do the 2 laws of thermodynamics state? 2. How do exergonic and endergonic reactions relate to synthesis and decomposition reactions? 3. How do ATP and ADP molecules relate to each other? How do they relate to hydrolysis and dehydration reactions? 4. How do redox reactions involved in energy coupling? 5. How is chemiosomosis advantageous over substrate-level phosphorelation? 6. Identify the plant structures involved in obtaining materials for photosynthesis. What are their roles? 7. How do autotrophs and heterotrophs obtain energy? 8. Why is photoautotrophy an important adaptation? 9. What is the role of pigments, especially chlorophyll, in photosynthesis? 10. How do the different plant pigments affect the colors that we see? 11. What is the purpose of photosynthesis? Write the balanced equation. 12. What are the reactants for photosynthesis? the products? 13. What are the 2 major steps of photosynthesis? Where does each step take place 14. What is the purpose of light reactions? the Calvin cycle? 15. What materials are necessary for light reactions to take place? for Calvin cycle? 16. What is the role of each in photosynthesis: light, water, CO2. 17. What is the role of chemiosmosis in photosynthesis? Explain this process. At which point is it used? 18. What is the role of the photosystems, the electron transport chain, & ATP synthase? Where are they found? 19. What product(s) come out of light reactions? Calvin cycle? 20. Why can’t Calvin cycle take place in the dark? 21. What is the role of rubisco? How is it involved in glucose formation? 22. What are the roles of RuBP, 3-PGA, and G3P? 23. When does carbon fixation take place? Which molecules are involved? 24. What are the different strategies that the following types of plants use to make sugars: C3, C4, CAM? 25. Why isn’t 100% of the energy from a single glucose molecule used to make ATP? 26. What is the purpose of cell respiration? Write the balanced equation. 27. What are the different types of cell respiration? 28. What is the purpose of fermentation? What condition is required for it to happen? When does it take place? 29. What are the different types of anaerobic respiration? What are the processes of each type? 30. What are the raw materials for cell respiration? What are the products of cell respiration? 31. Why is carbon dioxide formed during cell respiration? 32. Why is water formed during cell respiration? 33. How is oxygen used in cell respiration? 34. How is glucose used in cell respiration? 35. What are the 3 major steps of cell respiration? Where does each step take place? 36. What is the purpose of glycolysis? the Krebs cycle? the electron transport chain? 37. What is the role of chemiosmosis in cell respiration? Explain this process. At which point is it used? 38. When is acetyl-CoA formed? Describe this process. 39. What are the roles of NADH and FADH2? 40. At what point during cell respiration does glucose completely break down? What is the product?