Download Rise of Rome Notes Ch 8-2

Chapter 8, Section 2
The Roman Republic
Cicero Denounces Catiline: Fresco by Cesare Maccari (1840-1919
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/a/a3/Maccari-Cicero.jpg
The Roman Republic
Chapter 8, Section 2
Pages 268-276
Rome’s
Government
• Two classes of people in Rome
• Patricians: wealthy land owners;
made up Rome’s ruling class
• Plebeians: artisans, shopkeepers,
owners of small farms
The Roman Republic
Chapter 8, Section 2
Pages 268-276
Rome’s
Government
•Patricians: wealthy land owners; made up
Rome’s ruling class
•Selected advisors to the Etruscan Kings
before founding the Republic
•Consuls: top government officials (2
picked every year and ran the
government and headed the army)
•Had the ability to veto or reject the other’s
decision
•Means “I forbid” in Latin
•Praetors: interpret laws and act as
judges
•Senate most important lawmaking body
•Assembly of Centuries another important
legislative body
The Roman Republic
Chapter 8, Section 2
Pages 268-276
Rome’s
Government
•Plebeians: artisans, shopkeepers,
owners of small farms
•Changed class system by going
on strike and gained equality
•Patrician s agreed to let the
Plebeians elect Tribunes
(officials who spoke to the
Senate and Consuls for the
Plebs
•Rome also let the Plebeians set
up and elect their own
legislative group: the Council of
Plebes
The Roman Republic
Chapter 8, Section 2
Pages 268-276
Rome’s
Government
Plebeians Gain Equality
The Roman Republic
Chapter 8, Section 2
Pages 268-276
Rome’s
Government
• Roman Republic had a
dictator who served
people and was a
temporary ruler
during emergencies.
– Cincinnatus best
know early Roman
dictator
Cincinnatus Statue, Sawyer Point, Cincinnati, Ohio
The Roman Republic
Chapter 8, Section 2
Pages 268-276
Rome’s
Government
Table 1 and Table 2: Civil
Procedure
Table 3: Debt
Table 4: Parents and
Children
Table 5: Inheritance
Table 6 and Table 7:
Property
Table 8: Torts (causing
harm to another)
Table 9: Capital
Punishment
Table 10: Funeral
Regulations
Table 11: Marriage
Table 12:Crimes
• Twelve Tables first code
of laws was adopted
around 451 B.C
– Basis of all future
Roman laws
– Law of Nations created
to address issues of
conquered people
• Rule of law is idea
that laws should
apply to everyone
equally
The Roman Republic
Chapter 8, Section 2
Pages 268-276
Rome Expands
• Rome created a navy so they could beat the
great sea power, Carthage
• Punic Wars were fought for control of the
Mediterranean region
The Roman Republic
Chapter 8, Section 2
Pages 268-276
Rome Expands
The First Punic War
•Carthage (a state on the coast of North Africa) was
powerful enemy
•Dispute between Rome and Carthage over Sicily.
•Lasted 20 years before Rome won
The Roman Republic
Chapter 8, Section 2
Pages 268-276
Rome Expands
•The Second Punic War
•Carthage expanded into Spain and the Romans
helped the people of Spain rebel
• Hannibal a great Carthaginian general fought in
2nd Punic War
•Battle of Cannae
•Hannibal’s forces overpowered Romans
•Scipio a Roman general defeated the Carthaginians
at the Battle of Zama
The Roman Republic
Chapter 8, Section 2
Pages 268-276
Rome Expands
The Third Punic War
•Rome finally
destroyed Carthage
•Took all of Greece,
Macedonia, and
parts of Africa