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Date: April 4, 2016 Aim #69: How does genetic engineering compare and contrast to selective breeding? Do Now: Warm-Up Notebook Date Title of Activity 4/4 Cell Transformation Page # 113 HW: 1)Unit 7c due Friday, April 8th • Do not forget Castle Learning!! 2) Biotechnology Test Monday (4/11)/Tuesday (4/12)! • Castle Learning will be available Thursday Aim #69: How does genetic engineering compare and contrast to selective breeding? Selective Breeding/ Artificial Selection 1) What is Breeding? To produce offspring 2) What is meant by being Selective? What music do you like? The power to choose or pick out from among others. 3) Can you now define Selective Breeding? The process of choosing a few organisms with desirable traits to serve as the parents of the next generation. 4) Types of Selective Breeding: a) Hybridization/Crossbreeding: is the process of crossing dissimilar individuals to bring together the best of both organisms. + Real Example of Hybridization: Hybrid + Horse Big, Fast, Excitable = Donkey Small, Slow, Calm Mule Strong, Endurance, Calm The hybrid is often stronger and hardier than its parents: Hybrid Vigor Real Example of Hybridization: Burbank’s hybrid crosses combined the disease resistance of one plant with the food-producing capacity of another. 1872 - American horticulturist Luther Burbank (1849-1926) developed a special potato. Burbank, while trying to improve the Irish potato, developed a hybrid that was more disease resistant. He introduced the Burbank potato to Ireland to help combat the blight epidemic. Types of Selective Breeding b) Inbreeding: is the continued breeding of organisms with similar characteristics. Breeders try to maintain certain characteristics. Inbreeding: Advantages: - desirable traits, like resistance to disease or strength of an organism, are collected. Disadvantages: -recessive disorders tend to increase. Risks of Inbreeding: What is a Recessive Disorder? An inherited disorder that occurs when theoffspring receives a “bad” gene from eachparent. Nn x Nn nn is possible This is a genetic disease that mainly affects Jewish people of Eastern European descent. 1 out of 27 Jews are carriers for this disease. Tay-Sachs Disease Types of Selective Breeding: c) Mass Selection: is choosing the best plants and animals from a large number for further breeding. 5) What are some benefits of selective breeding? 1)Produce crops resistant to disease. 2) Produce crops that are bigger. 3)Produce animals that have less fat. 4) Seedless fruit!!! 6) Genetic Engineering vs. Selective Breeding: Genetic engineering requires the altering of genes to get desired characteristics. Selective Breeding utilizes natural reproduction to get desired characteristics.