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Welcome to PHYS 406! Statistical and Thermal Physics Instructor: Xiaoming Mao Outline of the first class • Overview: why thermal physics and stat mech are interesting? • Important questions we will answer in the course • The Syllabus Overview • What we have already learn? – Mechanics: statics and dynamics of single-/few-body problems – E&M: interactions between charged objects – Quantum Mechanics: single-particle wave-functions in fields • To summarize – Single or few particle problems – Fundamental laws are reversible in time • Objects in our daily life and many more systems in physics study: 1023 particles • How to bridge the gap? Can we just solve the same problem for many particles? • It is not possible • There are better ways to do it – Macroscopic (phenomenological) approach: Thermodynamics • Developed without knowledge of microscopic world • Essential for the industrial revolutions – Microscopic approach: Statistical Mechanics • Explains the origin of irreversibility Two important questions • “What is the origin of irreversibility in nature?” • “Which quantum phenomena are genuinely manybody physics?” Irreversibility Friction Electric flow through resistor Inelastic collision Free expansion of gas R Mixing of two fluids Spontaneous chemical reactions An amusing example • The Dog-Flea model (Ehrenfests) irreversible reversible Relations between irreversible processes Irreversible Reversible Equivalent “No heat engine can have efficiency 𝜂 = 1” Kelvin statement of the second law of thermodynamics. Two important questions • “What is the origin of irreversibility in nature?” • “Which quantum phenomena are genuinely manybody physics?” Quantum many-body phenomena I Black-body Radiation: one of the founding experiments that led to the discovery of quantum mechanics Quantum many-body phenomena II Bose-Einstein Condensation (BEC) Superfluidity Superconductivity Quantum many-body phenomena III Insulators Conductors Quantum many-body phenomena IV White dwarf star Syllabus I (will be posted on CTools) • Lecture notes will be posted on CTools after each class (including today’s slides, and a detailed Syllabus) • We will roughly follow the course-pack, but not everything will be covered • Additional optional textbooks Equilibrium thermodynamics, Author: C.J. Adkins Thermal physics, Author: Charles Kittel; Herbert Kroemer An introduction to thermal physics, Author: Daniel V. Schroeder Statistical and thermal physics: with computer applications, Author: Harvey Gould and Jan Tobochnik States of matter., Author: David L. Goodstein Fundamentals of statistical and thermal physics, Author: F. Reif Syllabus II • Course work: – Weekly problem sets (20%): posted online on Wed mornings and due the succeeding Wed in class – Final Exam (30%): 1:30-3:30pm, Monday, Dec 17 – Midterm Exams (20% each): week of Oct 8-12 & week of Nov 1216, afternoon. Let me know your schedule conflictions before Sep 7. – Class participation (10%): • Class discussions • Discussions on Piazza Syllabus III • Office hour: Mondays 10-12am 2251 Randall • Email: [email protected] • Website for lecture notes, homeworks and announcements: CTools • Website for discussion on physics: Piazza (there is a link to Piazza on our CTools page) • Personal webpage: http://www-personal.umich.edu/~maox/index.html