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Characteristics of RNA NEXT Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) Characteristics • A single stranded nucleic acid composed of smaller subunits called nucleotides BACK NEXT Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) Characteristics • A single stranded nucleic acid composed of smaller subunits called nucleotides • The base uracil (U) substitutes for thymine (T) in RNA BACK NEXT Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) Characteristics • A single stranded nucleic acid composed of smaller subunits called nucleotides • The base uracil (U) substitutes for thymine (T) in RNA • RNA contains the sugar ribose BACK NEXT Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) Characteristics • A single stranded nucleic acid composed of smaller subunits called nucleotides • The base uracil (U) substitutes for thymine (T) in RNA • RNA contains the sugar ribose • There are many types of RNA: mRNA, rRNA, tRNA, shRNA, RNAi BACK NEXT There are four nucleotides found in RNA • PURINES • PYRIMIDINES Adenine Uracil Guanine Cytosine BACK Messenger RNA (mRNA) A single stranded nucleic acid that is a copy of the information coded in DNA; it is the instructions to make a protein BACK Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) Small aggregates of RNA that make up ribosomes Remember, ribosomes make proteins BACK transfer RNA (tRNA) Short strands of RNA that are used to transport amino acids from the cytoplasm to the ribosome for protein production Each piece of RNA has a nucleotide sequence called an anticodon BACK Ribose Nucleic Acids are named for the sugar they contain. Ribonucleic acid contains ribose sugar Deoxyribonucleic acid contains deoxyribose sugar BACK Transcription BACK NEXT Transcription The process of making mRNA from DNA (Transcription occurs in the nucleus) Watch It BACK NEXT Transcription The process of making mRNA from DNA (Transcription occurs in the nucleus) 1. DNA double helix unzips Watch It BACK NEXT Transcription The process of making mRNA from DNA (Transcription occurs in the nucleus) 1. DNA double helix unzips 2. RNA polymerase begins to assemble the corresponding bases to make the single stranded mRNA Watch It BACK NEXT Transcription The process of making mRNA from DNA (Transcription occurs in the nucleus) 1. DNA double helix unzips 2. RNA polymerase begins to assemble the corresponding bases to make the single stranded mRNA Watch It 3. The newly made mRNA releases from the DNA and awaits processing BACK NEXT Transcription The process of making mRNA from DNA (Transcription occurs in the nucleus) 1. DNA double helix unzips 2. RNA polymerase begins to assemble the corresponding bases to make the single stranded mRNA Watch It 3. The newly made mRNA releases from the DNA and awaits processing 4. The DNA zips back up (H bonds are reformed) BACK NEXT Protein Synthesis