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Setting the
Stage
While the great civilization of Greece was
in decline, a new city to the west was
developing and increasing its power.
Rome grew from a small settlement to a
mighty civilization that eventually
conquered the Mediterranean world. In
time, the Romans would build one of the
most famous and influential empires in
history.
According to
legend Rome
Was founded
In 753 by
Romulus and
Remus
Latins
In reality it was
Men not immortals
This first
settlers were
Greeks
That settled in a
Strategic location
with fertile soil
Near the center of the
Italian Peninsula
Etruscans
Etruscan kings
Held power in Rome until
Tarquin the Proud
Was driven out
to give way to a
A government in which
power rests with citizens
who have the right to vote
for their leaders.
A Republic
With two main
groups
Patricians
Plebeians
Who were
Who were
Landowners
Common people
That held
That were
protected by the
Government
positions
Tribunes
And
the
Twelve Tables
The Government
Was formed by
2 Consuls
Each one had the
Veto Power
A Senate
With
300 members
An Assembly
Dictator
Which was the most
Which was appointed
Democratic
side of the
government
In times of
crisis
Infantry
The Roman
Army
Was
organized
in
Legions
Which!
contained
Were divided in
smaller groups
called
Cavalry
Cohorts
Rome
Took control of
Central Italy
Etruscans
Greeks
And they applied
Different
Laws
To each group
Full
Full
Citizenship
All rights
except vote
This smart policies
contributed to the
Growth of Rome
Allies
Roman Trade
Was threatened by
Carthage
Thus began the
Punic Wars
That took place between
264 and 146 B.C.
1st Punic War
3rd Punic War
2nd Punic War
Was for the control of
Sicily and the
Western
Mediterranean
Was a revenge by
Hannibal
assembled
an army of
It ended in the
Who was a brilliant
Defeat of
Carthage
Strategist
But was defeated by
Scipio
50,000 infantry,
9,000 cavalry, and
60 elephants
Rome attacked and
destroyed
Carthage
and in a daring
and risky move
And Rome became the
Invaded Italy
Mediterranean
power
Punic Wars
Causes
1st
Punic
War
Results
Carthage was afraid Rome
would take Sicily; Rome was Carthage asked for peace;
afraid Carthage would close had to pay indemnity and
the Adriatic Sea and the Strait give up control of Sicily.
of Messina.
2nd
Punic Hannibal invaded ltaly.
War
Carthage asked for peace;
paid on indemnity and lost
the Spanish colonies.
3rd Some Romans passionately
Carthage was destroyed.
Punic hated Carthage; Rome
War declared war.