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Download Evolution Notes Part 2 - Mercer Island School District
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Transcript
Gene Pool- _______________ ____________________ Prerequisites Process Individuals with favorable traits Variation for trait are more likely to survive/ reproduce & Traits causes pass down these differences in __________ and favorable genes. reproduction. Trait is heritable Outcome A change in the __________with the favorable genes becoming more common. Adaptation for the environment. Normal Distribution A normal distribution is one that forms a _____________ ______________. (Variation in trait on the X axis, number of individuals on the Y axis) Example: Height in females: Average height is 5’4’’ Types of Natural Selection Directional selection: Favors individuals with traits that are at ___________ of a distribution. Results in the distribution __________ , with an increase in the favorable form. Types of Natural Selection Stabilizing selection: Eliminates individuals at _________of the spectrum. Results in a ___________distribution ; the average remains the same. Types of Natural Selection Disruptive selection: Eliminates average individuals, but favors individuals at either extreme of the spectrum of variation. Results in a __________ distribution, with fewer of the average form and more of the extremes. © Brooks/Cole Publishing Company / ITP Discuss with your table partner: On the next four slides are examples of different types of natural selection. Determine the type of selection (directional, diversifying or stabilizing) for each example. Also, describe how the distribution graph would change over time. On an island, prickly pear cacti with the lowest branches are more likely to be eaten by iguanas. Which kind of selection is this and how could the distribution of prickly pear branch height change? __________selection; could result in ______ prickly pear trunks. Chimpanzee babies are more likely to survive birth if they are not too large or too small. Which kind of selection is this and how could this change the distribution? _________ selection; could result in a ________distribution of birth size. On an island, dragonflies with longer wings are more likely to get blown out to sea. Which type of selection is this, and how could it change the distribution of wing length. _________ selection; could result in the average wing length _____________. A species of begonia on average flowers in August. Its pollinators become less active in August due to the heat. Which type of selection is this, and how could the distribution change? __________ selection; could result in fewer plants that flower in ___________________ _________________. Genetic Equilibrium: If the percentage of different genes for a trait __________________ , than the trait is in genetic equilibrium. Time