Download Biology I CH 15

Biology I CH 13
Evolution
4 basic principles of life:
1. More organisms are
eventually born than can
survive in any environment
4 basic principles of life:
2. There is a natural
variance of traits in every
population
4 basic principles of life:
3. Some traits help an
organism to survive in its
environment
4 basic principles of life:
4. Beneficial traits are
passed down to offspring
All together:
1.
2.
3.
4.
More organisms are eventually born than can
survive in any environment
There is a natural variance of traits in every
population
Some traits help an organism to survive in its
environment
Beneficial traits are passed down to offspring
This Is Evolution

Evolution states that
organisms are constantly
changing and species are
becoming more complex
over time
Decent with modification-change
over time.
Natural Selection



Fitness
Adaptations
Survival of the fittest
Fossil Evidence


There are thousands of
examples of fossil
evidence for evolution
Modern species have
many relatives that can
be traced back through
time using fossils
Fossils


Molds
Casts
Biogeography
Proof Of Evolution
Homologous structuresSame structures in different
species from ancestors

Analogous Structures-different
species with same function
Vestigial Structures-no longer
used structures
Genetics and heredity laws
Embryology
Macromolecules


Hemoglobin
Protein structure
DNA


Modern Investigations
have centered on DNA
Tens of thousands of
pieces of evidence
Coevolution
Symbiosis-two species effect change
Convergent evolutiondevelopment of same trait in
different species
Divergent evolution-similar
species develop different traits.

Artificial (Unnatural)
selection
Jean Baptiste de Lamarck


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1744-1829
Use and Disuse
Acquired Traits
Charles Darwin

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1823-1913
Father of Evolution
Bad Student
The Beagle
The Galapagos


5 million year old
volcanic islands
Finches and Iguanas
The Galapagos

Iguanas
Home Again—after 5 years!
Wrote a book.
The Origin of Species


1859
Full Title: “The origin of
species by means of
natural selection; or, The
preservation of favored
races in the struggle for
life “
Artificial (Unnatural) Selection