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Chapter 29 Study Guide
Biology
Name: ______________________
1. The change in the hereditary traits of a species over a period of time
_________evolution_______________.
2. The ____theory of evolution__________________________ states that
organisms could develop traits that they need for survival.
3. Goal of species – survive and reproduce
4. Body parts that no longer have job ______vestigial structures – evidence of
common ancestry ex. Appendix
5. Individuals of different species produce infertile offspring
6. A trait that makes an individual different from others in its species
______variation__________________.
7. A change in the DNA of an organism _______mutation – can be helpful if
makes the living thing better adapted
8. Evidence of once living things ______fossils___________________.
9. Catastrophism – floods and earthquakes have shaped land and caused species
to go extinct
10. Charles Lyell – developed theory of uniformitarianism ( geological processes
that shaped Earth in the past have stayed the same throughout time.
11. Choosing who will and will not survive ____natural selection____________.
12. Fossils found deeper underground are ______older and simpler____________.
13. The most complex life forms would be found in the ____top____________ layer
of fossils.
14. Animals fighting over food is an example of __competition________________.
15. A white moth in a forest is eaten by an owl is an example of ____natural
selection__________.
16. Ducks having webbed feet is an example of a/an
______adaptation______________.
17. Your appendix is an example of a/an _____vestigial structure___________.
18. Primate - eyes that face forward and thumbs that grasp
19. _____Fossils____________________ are the remains of once living things.
20. Looking at similarities between different organisms before birth is an example of
____Comparative embryology – evidence of evolution_.
21. How a new species develops - do not have to memorize steps – just
understand
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Species are separated by a barrier (change in geography/environment)
Natural selection takes place over thousands of years
Individuals with more desirable traits survive and reproduce
22. Four main theories of the theory of natural selection
 Living things overproduce
 There is variation among offspring
 There is a struggle to survive
 Individuals that have more desirable traits are more fit