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BASIC REQUIREMENTS Oral topics from the basic requirements 1 - these are also the topic list for the extra oral questions due to failed MTOs 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. The special roles of carbon and water in the body carbohydrates Lipids Cell biology, cell theory, germ theory the divisions of living beings The structure of prokaryotic cells, and their comparison with the eukaryotic cells The origin of eukaryotic cell and the cellular organelles Cell membrane Nucleus Endoplasmic reticulum Golgi Mitochondrion chloroplast Ribosome lysosome Peroxisome proteasome Cytoskeleton The DNA is the material of inheritance - the key experiments The structure of DNA DNA synthesis Genetic code Telomere telomerase Mutation DNA repair The RNAs for protein synthesis Transcription Post-transcriptional processes Proteins Enzymes Post-translational modifications Intermediary filaments Actin filaments Microtubules Mitosis Meiosis Human chromosomes cytogenetics Cell cycle Mechanism of transport processes transport proteins Transport of small molecules Ion transport electrochemical gradient Nuclear transport Gene families The structure of the gene transposons Development of genetics: classic- and molecular genetics genomics 2011 Fall semester oral topics page: 1 BASIC REQUIREMENTS 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86. Mendelian inheritance Mendel’s rules Sex-linked inheritance Linkage groups, genetic maps family trees Lac operon Promoters, enhancers, silencers transcription factors Cell type-specific and induced gene expression The structure of chromatin Epigenetics in general Epigenetics: methylation and acetylation of the histone Epigenetics: DNA methylation X chromosome inactivation Maternal inheritance Mosaicism Polygenic inheritance Darwin’s theory Natural selection Sexual selection The origin of new genes Duplication of larger genetic units Molecular tree, molecular clock genetic markers General structure of viruses The general mechanisms of viral infection The outcome of viral infection immune response Bacteria: transformation and conjugation Bacteria: transduction The markers of bacteria Genetic mapping Bacteriophages Molecular cloning PCR Gel electrophoresis Southern blot, Northern blot, Western blot Eastern blot Immunohistochemistry, immunocytochemistry Genome library, EST database cDNA library DNA sequencing Genetic markers: STR, VNTR, SNP Real-time PCR Real-time RT-PCR Microchips Aging Light microscopy Fluorescent microscopy Purification of DNA and RNA Restriction endonucleases DNA methylases Genetic task – I 2011 Fall semester oral 2 topics page: 2 BASIC REQUIREMENTS 87. Genetic task – II 88. Genetic task – III 89. Genetic task – IV 90. Genetic task – V 91. Task on the operation of lac operon 92. Separation techniques 93. 5 definitions 94. Another 5 definitions 95. The examiner chooses 1 topic 96. The examiner chooses 2 topics 97. The examinee can choose 1 topic 98. The examinee can choose 2 topics 99. The other topic can be given back without consequences 100. The extra oral question (due to the failed exam) is forgotten or, if not applicable, draw a new topic Remarks: Oral exam is recommended for those students who understand the basic biological relationships. Two levels of oral exam can be chosen: basic or advanced level. Basic level exam: 2 topics have to be drawn from the topic list containing basic requirements. The maximum grade achievable is 3. One topic can be replaced by another one, but in this case the maximum grade is 2. Advanced level exam: you have to draw 2 basic and 1 extra topics. Further, you have to know the extra requirements from you basic topics, too. The maximum achievable grade is 5. You can replace one topic by another one, but in this case you can get grade 2 as a maximum. A topic can include the materials from multiple lectures. 2011 Fall semester oral topics page: 3 3