Download interphase prophase metaphase anaphase telophase cytokinesis

Cell Cycle and Mitosis Review (As needed)- The link requires Internet Explorer
http://www.biology.arizona.edu/cell_bio/tutorials/cell_cycle/cells2.html
Basic vocabulary:
interphase
prophase
metaphase
anaphase
telophase
cytokinesis
mitosis
nuclear division
karyokinesis
chromatin
chromatid
chromosome
cell cycle
cell division
centrioles
chromosome
somatic
CdK
MPF
P53
P27
cancer
gametic
synapsis
synthesis
DNA replication (helicase, SBB, DNA polymerase,
Ligase)
Semi conservative replication
Polarity of DNA
DNA structure
Basic Genetics Review (As needed)-The link requires Internet Explorer
http://www.phschool.com/science/biology_place/biocoach/inheritance/intro.html
Basic vocabulary:
autosomal
diploid (2N)
dominant
F1/F2 Generation
genotype
heterozygous
homozygous
independent assortment
homologous chromosomes
independent assortment
phenotype
inheritance
recessive
recombination
segregation
sex chromosome
Application/comprehension questions for genetics:
1) Why is DNA still a central molecule in genetics?
2) Who is the father of genetics?
3) What are the base pair binding rules? Since everyone has those same nitrogenous bases, bonded in that way,
how do we get diversity in the DNA?
4) State Mendel’s Laws. Explain each law.
5) Explain how probability relates to genetics.
6) What are the only math values for Mendel inheritance probability?
7) Using math, calculate the following probabilities:
AaBBcc * aabbcc  aaBbcc
aaBBCcDd * AaBbCCdd  aaBbCcdd
AABBCCDD * aabbccdd  AaBbCcDD
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What is a test cross? What genotype makes the best test cross organism? Why?
What do gametes have to do with genetics?
What are Punnett Squares? What do they show?
Identify all the possible ways to get genetic diversity from one generation to the next. (Hint there 3)
Why is meiosis tied to genetics and mitosis is not?
How do we label the original breeding pair? Their offspring and so on!
True or false: be sure to correct all false statements!
A) The effects of a recessive allele are seen in a heterozygote individual.
B) The offspring produced by crossing 2 f1’s is called the P1 generation.
C) Hybrid organisms will always produce offspring that look exactly like them.
15) An organism with a genotype of AaBB can produce what kinds of gametes? (Write out the possible gametes)
16) What is the difference between an organism’s genotype and phenotype? Which one gives rise to the other?
16) What does the term “contrasting trait” mean in genetics? Give an example
17) When do you perform a Punnett Square and when do you use the math model?
18) What does it mean when you are asked to calculate phenotypic and genotypic ratios
Meiosis Review: (As needed)-The link requires Internet Explorer
http://www.phschool.com/science/biology_place/biocoach/meiosis/intro.html
Basic vocabulary:
Homologous
Gamete
Diploid
Cross over frequency
Somatic
Haploid
Egg
Zygote
Meiosis
Ovule
Crossing over
Sperm
Application/comprehension questions for meiosis:
1) What specific part of meiosis II is used in a Punnett Square?
2) Why do we discuss meiosis with genetics?
3) What is the reason we need meiosis?
4) Do ALL organisms undergo meiosis, if not, which ones do?
5) What process is critical in meiosis I?
6. Make a T chart to compare and contrast mitosis with meiosis.
7) Why do sperm and egg cells have to be haploid?
8) What might happen to a somatic cell if it were to go through meiosis?!
9) What is “diversity?
10) Why do we want our sperm and eggs to be diverse? In other words, why not have every sperm be the same and
every egg the same?
11) Think about the definition of crossing over. How does this process give our cells diversity? In other words, how
does crossing over lead to new traits?
12) Not counting interphase, mitosis has 4 phases. How many does meiosis have?
13) List them in order:
14) Why are there 2 rounds of meiosis?
15) What are the 2 specific goals of each major phase of meiosis?
16) Think of one logical reason meiosis has twice as many phases. Write your reason out.
17) Name the male cell that undergoes meiosis and then the female one.
18) Give 2 specific examples of human haploid cells.
19) Give an example of a somatic cell.
20) Is the term somatic and diploid the same?
21) What does diploid mean in terms of overall chromosome number?
22) How many functioning sperm are created after meiosis 2?
23) How many functioning egg are created after meiosis 2?
Additional AP Practice Problems:
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1. Using specific factors, explain the following;
(a) What cancerous cells of somatic cells means. Include an example
b) Identify what specific mechanisms are damaged and or not functioning that could lead to what you said above.