Download Chapter 4 Study Guide-Atomic Structure Define the following terms

Chapter 4 Study Guide-Atomic Structure
Define the following terms:
Atom- smallest particle of an element that retains its identity in
a chemical reaction
Atomic Mass-weighted avg mass of the atoms in a naturally
occurring sample (isotopes)
Atomic Mass Unit (amu)-unit of mass of a proton or neutron (1
amu each)
Atomic number-number of protons, periodic table
Dalton’s Atomic Theory-first theory to relate chemical changes
to events at the atomic level
Electron-negatively charged subatomic particle, lives outside of
the nucleus
Group-vertical column on periodic table
Isotopes- atoms of the same element with a different number
of neutrons
Mass number- # of neutrons + # of protons
Neutron-Neutrally charged subatomic particle that lives in the
nucleus
Nucleus-positive core of the atom, contains protons and
neutrons
Period-horizontal row on periodic table
Periodic Table-arrangement of elements in which the elements
are separated into groups based on a set of repeating
properties
Proton-positively charged subatomic particle that lives in the
nucleus
Plum Pudding Model-electrons stuck in positive lump (JJ
Thomson)
What are the following people noted for in Chemistry?
JJ Thomson (2 things)-plum pudding model and discovered the
electron
Rutherford (2 things)
Gold-Foil Experiment, Rutherford Atomic Model
Democritus-philosophy that atoms were indivisible and
indestructible
Dalton-Dalton’s atomic theory
Why is an atom electrically neutral? Protons and Electrons are
equal
What is the charge of the nucleus of every atom? Positive
What is the mass of a proton and a neutron? 1 amu each
Draw a picture of Rutherford’s Atomic Model.
Neutrons and protons in center (nucleus) with electrons
moving around the nucleus.
A sample of Zirconium has a mass of 91.22g and 6.02x1023
atoms. How much mass does each atom have? (SHOW YOUR
WORK)
91.22g/6.02X1023 =1.5x10-22 g/atom
What is the symbol for Lead? What is its atomic number?
What is its average atomic mass?(be able to use a periodic
table to determine these things for any element and not have
the key)
Pb, atomic number=82, average atomic mass (atomic mass)
207.2
2 Isotopes of lead are Lead-122 and Lead-124. Write the mass
number, atomic number, number of protons, number of
neutrons and number of electrons for each isotope?
Lead-122
Lead-124
Mass #
122
124
Atomic #
82
82
#of p
82
82
# of n
40
42
#of e
82
82