Download CHEMICAL REACTIONS, ENZYMES, ATP, CELLULAR

CHEMICAL REACTIONS, ENZYMES, ATP, CELLULAR RESPIRATION, & FERMENTATION REVIEW Work without notes the first time through, and then use your notes, textbook, and Edmodo to fill in missing information the second time through. Completing this sheet is NOT the same thing as studying. Cellular Respiration & Fermentation (section 4.4-­‐4.6) 1. What is the chemical equation for cellular respiration? 2. What are the 3 phases of the cellular respiration process in order? 3. Where in the cell does the glycolysis part of cellular respiration occur? 4. Is glycolysis aerobic or anaerobic? 5. Where in the cell does the Krebs (Citric Acid) cycle part of cellular respiration occur? 6. Is Krebs Cycle aerobic or anaerobic? 7. Where in the cell does the electron transport chain part of cellular respiration occur? 8. Is ETC aerobic or anaerobic? 9. How many ATP (net) are made in the glycolysis part of cellular respiration? 10. How many ATP are made in the Krebs cycle part of cellular respiration? 11. How many ATP are made in the electron transport part of cellular respiration? 12. In which phase of cellular respiration is carbon dioxide made? 13. In which phase of cellular respiration is water made? 14. In which phase of cellular respiration is pyruvate made? 15. In which phase of cellular respiration is oxygen a reactant? 16. In which phase of cellular respiration is glucose a reactant? 17. On average, how many ATP can be made from each NADH during the ETC? 18. On average, how many ATP can be made from each FADH2 during the ETC? 19. What happens after glycolysis if there is no oxygen present? Explain why this happens. 20. What are the products of alcoholic fermentation? 21. What are the products of lactic acid fermentation? ATP (section 4.1) 22. What bond in an ATP molecule is broken to release energy? 23. Sketch an ATP molecule and label its three parts. 24. How are ATP and ADP different? Mitochondrial Structure (mitochondrian coloring worksheet) 27. Sketch a mitochondrion and label the following: outer membrane, inner membrane, and matrix 28. Why are mitochondria often referred to as “the powerhouse of the cell”? Enzymes, & Chemical Reactions (sections 2.4 and 2.5) 29. Label the products and reactants in the chemical equation below: 6CO2 + 6H2O -­‐-­‐-­‐-­‐-­‐-­‐> C6H12O6 + 6O2 30. What does the arrow in the equation above mean? 31. What is activation energy? 32. What takes place during a chemical reaction? 33. Explain the difference between endothermic and exothermic reactions. 34. Explain how you can tell whether a reaction is endothermic or exothermic by looking at a graph of the reaction. (Hint: How would an endothermic graph look different from an exothermic graph?) 35. What is a catalyst, and how does a catalyst affect a chemical reaction? 36. Create a graph that shows a chemical reaction that isn’t catalyzed compared to a chemical reaction that is catalyzed. Label the reactants, products, and activation energy in each graph. 36. How do enzymes effect chemical reactions? ( Your answer should include “rate” & “activation energy”.) 37. Do you think an enzyme, that is use to a pH of 10, would work properly in a pH of 2? Why? 38. Do you think an enzyme that is used to a temperature of 35˚C would work in an environment with a temperature of 90˚C? Why? Identify: Write an “E” for enzyme, if the characteristic describes an enzyme, or “N” for non enzyme if it is NOT an enzyme characteristic. 39) _____can be used again & again 40) _____catalase 41) _____can only be used ONCE 42) _____only works with one substrate 43) _____speeds up reactions 44) _____works with any substrate Labeling: In the diagram below, label the substrate, enzyme, active site, substrate-­‐enzyme complex and the product. C E B D 49) Letter E is ______ A 45) Letter A is_________ 47) Letter B is ______ 46) Letter C is_________ 48) Letter D is ______ 50) Is the enzyme in the diagram breaking apart or putting together the substrate? 51) Explain what the “lock and key model” describes. 52) The substrate must fit perfectly with an enzyme’s _________________________.