Download Viral Diseases - North Mac Schools

VIRAL DISEASES
Chickenpox
• Also known as varicella
• Very contagious disease spread by air by infected people
when sneezing or coughing and by contact through
infected blisters
• As of 1995, there is a vaccine
Shingles
• Caused by the same virus that causes chickenpox
• Years or decades after being infected with chickenpox,
virus reactivates in spinal nerves and creates painful
blisters
Dengue Fever
• Caused by virus of Flaviviridae
• Known as “breakbone” fever because of the severe pain it
causes along with a skin rash
• Transmitted by mosquitoes in the tropics
Epstein-Barr Virus
• Causes mononucleosis
• “kissing” disease
• Symptoms include swollen spleen, lymph glands, and
fatigue
Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease
• Characterized by high
fever that declines rapidly
after 2-3 days
• Blisters inside mouth lead
to excessive secretion of
stringy, foamy saliva and
drooling
• Blisters on foot may be
prevalent as well
Hantavirus
• Also known as Four Corners Virus or Sin Nombre Virus
• Spread through infected rodents and their excretory waste
• Deadly pulmonary disease
Hepatitis
• Different forms (A, B, and C)
• Affect liver and lead to liver disease
• Vaccinations given at young age for types A and B
Marburg
• Filovirus family (same as Ebola)
• Causes severe bleeding and hemorrhaging
• Spread by monkeys to humans
Measles
• Highly contagious airborne pathogen that spreads via the
respiratory system
• Causes respiratory problems with a rash
• MMR vaccine available for vaccination
Meningitis
• Inflammation of the area around the brain and spinal cord
• Causes back pain along with neck pain
• Leads to confusion
Mumps
• Painful swelling of the salivary glands (parotid gland)
• MMR vaccine available for vaccination
Polio
• Affects nerves and can lead to partial or full paralysis
• May cause muscular debilitation
Rabies
• Caused by bite of an animal and causes neurological
problems
Rubella
• German measles
• Starts with rash on face and spreads to the rest of the
body
SARS
• Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
• Corona virus that usually causes a fever plus atypical
pneumonia or respiratory distress syndrome
• Rare but found in areas of Asia
Smallpox
• Rare virus (eradicated in the 1970’s worldwide)
• Two variants: Variola major and Variola minor
• Leads to raised fluid-filled blisters that are highly
infectious when opened and leave scars if an individual
survives
West Nile Virus
• Starts as a fever that
eventually leads to
neurological pain and
confusion (encephalitis)
• Spread by mosquitoes via
infected birds
Influenza
• Also known as the flu
• Different forms that create respiratory problems
Avian Flu
• H5N1
• Carried through infected birds
• May infect humans if it mutates
Swine Flu
• H1N1
• Mutated form of influenza virus from pigs