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... These recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) update the previous recommendations on human rabies prevention (CDC. Human rabies prevention—United States, 1999: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices. MMWR 1999;48 [No. RR-1]) and reflect ...
Human Rabies Prevention — United States, 2008 Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report
Human Rabies Prevention — United States, 2008 Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report

... These recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) update the previous recommendations on human rabies prevention (CDC. Human rabies prevention—United States, 1999: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices. MMWR 1999;48 [No. RR-1]) and reflect ...
Smallpox Chapter (Pink Book)
Smallpox Chapter (Pink Book)

... May 1980. ...
Cross-Species Infection and Characterization of Avian Hepatitis E
Cross-Species Infection and Characterization of Avian Hepatitis E

... sequence identities with each other, 73-99% sequence identities with avian HEV isolates, and 51-60% sequence identities with representative strains of swine and human HEVs. However, attempts to experimentally infect laboratory mice (Mus musculus) with the PCR-positive fecal materials recovered from ...
guideline 9
guideline 9

... condition and hyperkeratosis, and common teat skin lesions. See Technote 9 Table 7 for information on unacceptable levels of teat damage or conditions. ...
Diseases and Conditions Table: Recommendations for
Diseases and Conditions Table: Recommendations for

... Alberta Health Services (AHS) owned and contracted Continuing Care settings who have a known or suspected infectious disease or condition. It is organized in alphabetical order based on either the common or scientific spelling of the disease, condition or microorganism. The most up-to-date version o ...
Chapter 4
Chapter 4

... A positive inflammatory reaction occurs if the person has previously been exposed to the antigen. Chest radiographs may be taken after a positive skin test to see if active disease is present. ...
the textbook, Pathology of AIDS
the textbook, Pathology of AIDS

... Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and its subtypes are retroviruses and the etiologic agents of AIDS. Human retroviruses were unknown until the 1980's, though animal retroviruses such as feline leukemia virus had been detected previously. HIV belongs to a large family of ribonucleic acid (RNA) lent ...
Conjunctivitis A Systematic Review of Diagnosis and
Conjunctivitis A Systematic Review of Diagnosis and

... May have foreign-body sensation and tearing or be asymptomatic ...
rhabdoviridae - Department of Library Services
rhabdoviridae - Department of Library Services

... position in Europe has been reversed dramatically since the introduction of oral vaccination of foxes (see below). In the developing nations of Central and South America, Africa and Asia, dog rabies (urban rabies) is predominant and there may be as many as 50 000 human cases each year, over 90 per c ...
Human Papillomavirus and Cervical Cancer
Human Papillomavirus and Cervical Cancer

... HPV, while others get warts, and a few get cancer? • For most individuals immunity appears to dominate and lesions never develop, or they develop and are suppressed by an immune response before the person ever realizes the presence of the lesions. • Long-term persistence of HPV is not the norm, but ...
Ringworm - Sunrise School Division
Ringworm - Sunrise School Division

... To prevent Ringworm, 1) make sure all infected persons and pets get appropriate treatment, 2) avoid contact with infected persons and pets, 3) do not share personal items, and 4) keep common-use areas clean. What is Ringworm? Ringworm is a contagious fungus infection that can affect the scalp, the b ...
Current status and perspectives of Clonorchis sinensis and
Current status and perspectives of Clonorchis sinensis and

... Far East, especially near the Amur River basin, and approximately 3 000 people are estimated to be infected [15, 17, 25]. The infection rate is generally higher in males than in females. People who habitually eat raw or undercooked fish and eat outside frequently have higher infection rates than tho ...
Transmission of Varicella Zoster Virus From Individuals With Herpes
Transmission of Varicella Zoster Virus From Individuals With Herpes

... JID 2012:205 (1 May) ...
Host-Pathogen Interactions: The Attributes of Virulence
Host-Pathogen Interactions: The Attributes of Virulence

... its attributes. Early definitions of virulence were based on descriptions of microbial characteristics, including its degree of pathogenicity; its capacity to overcome host defenses; the severity of the disease that it caused; the percentage of death an infection with it induced; its invasive power; ...
the brazilian journal of infectious diseases
the brazilian journal of infectious diseases

... potentially puts them in contact with blood), institutionalized individuals (prisoners, under-age felons, etc.), and the family members of patients with hepatitis C, as well as those infected with HIV. We emphasize that such individuals should be clearly informed that the triage diagnosis should be ...
A Bayesian approach for inferring the dynamics of partially observed space-time-genetic data
A Bayesian approach for inferring the dynamics of partially observed space-time-genetic data

... effect can be modelled by allowing observed cases to continue moving and evolving after their death. This is represented by probability distribution P indirect , again defined over the geographical– genetic space and evolving in time and depending on the same parameters as P direct . The spatial inf ...
Chronological overview of the 2009/2010 H1N1 influenza
Chronological overview of the 2009/2010 H1N1 influenza

... with the consequences of the worldwide pandemic spread of the H1N1 influenza virus. This virus was totally new and, as such, had never spread in humans before. Because it was presumed that hardly anybody would have effective resistance to this new virus, provisions had to be made for the eventuality ...
Are we facing new health challenges and diseases in
Are we facing new health challenges and diseases in

... Another possibility of introducing new pathogens to semi-domesticated reindeer is through contact with wildlife, such as moose, red deer and roe deer. Although many pathogens have one specific host and cannot infect other animal species, many infectious agents can have a range of possible host speci ...
Hepatitis A Vaccine Recommendations
Hepatitis A Vaccine Recommendations

... of blood or blood products collected from donors during the viremic phase of infection.15,16 Since 2002, nucleic acid amplification tests, such as the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay, have been applied to the screening of source plasma used for the manufacture of plasmaderived products.17 Tran ...
Preview the material
Preview the material

... By 1983, the CDC was able to identify the specific transmission modes of the disease as through sexual contact and exposure to blood and blood-borne pathogens.20 The CDC also discovered that the disease had infected homosexual men, women with male partners, infants and injection drug users.15 As a r ...
Infectivity in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) of plasma collected
Infectivity in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) of plasma collected

... rapid increase in serum RNA levels occurs (ramp-up) or intermittent low-level HCV RNA detection (previously referred to in HIV and SIV infections as “blip” viremia)8,9 that precedes ramp-up by varying intervals up to 2 months. Because HCV RNA levels are very low in this very early phase of infection ...
Disease Strategy Manual - Abalone viral ganglioneuritis
Disease Strategy Manual - Abalone viral ganglioneuritis

... It is the responsibility of the users of this publication to identify and ensure they have complied with all legislative or regulatory requirements of the relevant Australian state or territory and the Commonwealth prior to undertaking any of the response options set out within this publication. Bei ...
eMERGE Network Project Proposal for
eMERGE Network Project Proposal for

... Northwestern reports 92% and Vanderbilt reports 91.4%. At Group Health, 93% of subjects have a WBC differential. Thus, we anticipate over 19,000 subjects with WBC and over 18,000 with differentials. A further 5% reduction may be expected due to exclusion criteria. WBC is unique among the identified ...
Pathogen burden, coinfection and major histocompatibility complex
Pathogen burden, coinfection and major histocompatibility complex

... effect of both MHC class I and class II genes simultaneously, despite the importance of including both classes for a comprehensive study of the MHC–pathogen system, in recognition of their different functions. Additionally, only three of these studies investigated correlations between multiple patho ...
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Herpes simplex virus



Herpes simplex virus 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2), also known as human herpesvirus 1 and 2 (HHV-1 and HHV-2), are two members of the herpesvirus family, Herpesviridae, that infect humans. Both HSV-1 (which produces most cold sores) and HSV-2 (which produces most genital herpes) are ubiquitous and contagious. They can be spread when an infected person is producing and shedding the virus. Herpes simplex can be spread through contact with saliva, such as sharing drinks.Symptoms of herpes simplex virus infection include watery blisters in the skin or mucous membranes of the mouth, lips or genitals. Lesions heal with a scab characteristic of herpetic disease. Sometimes, the viruses cause very mild or atypical symptoms during outbreaks. However, as neurotropic and neuroinvasive viruses, HSV-1 and -2 persist in the body by becoming latent and hiding from the immune system in the cell bodies of neurons. After the initial or primary infection, some infected people experience sporadic episodes of viral reactivation or outbreaks. In an outbreak, the virus in a nerve cell becomes active and is transported via the neuron's axon to the skin, where virus replication and shedding occur and cause new sores. It is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections.
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