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GEOLOGY 306 (LABORATORY) SKILLS REVIEW FOR EXAM #1 (Chapters 23, 18, 19, and 21) MATERIALS NEEDED: PENCILS, ERASER, COLORED PENCILS, CALCULATOR, and METRIC RULER AND CHEM. AND MATH REVIEW (distributed previously). 1. You should know the following terms: Chapter 23 Chapter 18 Metric system Meter Liter Gram Celsius degrees Micrometer (or micron) • Nanometer • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Astronomical unit Kelvin degrees Light-year Density Specific gravity Hypothesis Theory Nebula Terrestrial planets Jovian planets Kuiper Belt Objects Icy Dwarf Planets Plane of the ecliptic Mass Density Weight Rotation Revolution Kepler’s laws Period of revolution Chapter 19 • Constellations of the zodiac • Retrograde motion • Angular planetary locations Chapter 21 • • • • • • • • Sun Moon Synodic Month Sidereal Month Solar Eclipse Lunar Eclipse Terrae Maria • Craters and crater types • Stereoscopes • Impact cratering • • • • Ejecta Ejecta rays Ejecta blanket Phases of the moon: o New Moon o Crescent (waxing) o 1st quarter moon o Gibbous (waxing) o Full Moon o Gibbous (waning) o Third quarter moon o Crescent (waning) 2. You should be able to list the units for length, mass, and volume that are used in the metric system and be able to use them for measurements. 3. You should be able to understand the use of the micrometer and nanometer for measuring very small distances as well as the astronomical unit (AU) and light-year for measuring large distances. 4. You should be able to determine the approximate density and specific gravity of a solid substance. 5. You should know the difference between mass, density and specific gravity! 6. You should be able to take data and plot it on a graph. 7. You should also be able to conduct a scientific experiment using accepted methods of scientific inquiry. 8. You should be able to use the scientific method to evaluate data or an experiment. 9. You should be able to convert between different types of units. For example, between feet and meters, pounds and kilograms, Fahrenheit or Celsius temperatures, etc. 10. Continued on the next page…. 1 11. You should be able to describe the appearance of the solar system when it is viewed along the plane of the ecliptic. 12. Summarize and compare or contrast the distances and spacing of the planets in the Solar System. 13. Summarize and compare the physical characteristics of the terrestrial and Jovian planets. For example: be able to discuss the differences in mass, density, size, etc.; be able to determine how many times larger the planet Jupiter is when compared to the Earth; number of moons; etc.. 14. If given a measurement scale (e.g. 1cm = 1000miles) and the distances and/or radii for the planets, you should be able to construct a scale model of the solar system and/or planets. 15. Describe the motions of the planets in the Solar System. 16. Explain how retrograde motion occurs and discuss the importance of viewing angle or the line of sight from the Earth to the object being viewed. 17. You should be able to explain the observed motion of a planet when it is viewed from Earth. 18. You should be able to explain the observed motion of a planet using angular planetary locations. 19. Give the position of a planet by listing the constellation in which it is located. 20. Explain the conditions that determine whether or not a planet can be seen on a specified date. 21. You should be able to recognize and name each of the phases of the Moon 22. Diagram the Earth, Moon, and Sun in their proper relation for each of the phases of the Moon 23. Explain the difference between the synodic and sidereal cycles of the Moon 24. Diagram the Earth, Moon, and Sun in their proper relation during a solar and lunar eclipse 25. Describe and discuss the process of meteorite impacts. 26. Discuss the difference between lunar terrae and maria and be able to recognize each on a lunar map or photograph 27. Determine the relative ages of lunar features and recognize and name the different types of lunar craters 2