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Download 19.8 Present Participle Language Lesson
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19.8 Present Participle Language & Culture Lessons Bonjour ! Content de vous revoir. Last time we met, we were looking at « si » clauses, also known as 'if …then…' clauses. They may have seemed a little tricky, but they're super handy for forming phrases like "I would have gone to the movies, if I had time", or "If I won lotto, I would go to Disneyland!" And let's face it, we use 'if' and "would" all the time when we speak English. On to today's topic… in English, we use verbs ending in –ing to talk about something that is currently happening. For example "running late, smoking, singing, writing, doing…" When we add this –ing ending, we're actually forming the 'present participle' of the verb. Today I'm going to show you how to do this in French! Language Lesson Present Participle -ant instead of -ing In English, adding – ing is pretty simple right? Well the good news is that it's pretty simple in French too, we just use an – ant ending for all regular and irregular verbs. Attention! There are actually three irregular verbs that are different, but we'll come to them later. How do we form the present participle? The way we form the French present participle is by taking the original verb in its nous form of the present, and adding -ant. Let's see how this works: If we take the verb finir, and put it in the present with nous and we have nous finissons. We remove the ons part and add ant. Voilà: finissant is the present participle form of finir. Here are a few more examples: Verb Nous form Present participle Marcher To walk Nous marchons Marchant Manger To eat Nous mangeons Mangeant Écrire To write Nous écrivons Écrivant Sauter To jump Nous sautons Sautant En marchant sur la plage While walking on the beach Ne parle pas en mangeant Don't speak while eating Je me suis fait mal en sautant sur le lit I hurt myself jumping on the bed Facile ! Now it's your turn – grab a piece of paper and write down the present participle form of these verbs: Verb Nous form Travailler to work Nous travaillons Finir to finish Nous finissons Descendre to go down Nous descendons Partir to depart Nous partons Here are the answers: Present participle Verb Nous form Present participle Travailler Nous travaillons Travaillant Finir Nous finissons Finissant Descendre Nous descendons Descendant Partir Nous partons Partant Tu auras du succès en travaillant dur By working hard, you will be successful J'ai vu Sophie en descendant au marché I saw Sophie while heading down to the market Ferme la porte en partant s'il te plaȋt Close the door when leaving please Those Three Exceptions Someone always has to bend the rules! In the case of present participles, it's the verbs être, avoir and savoir. These three outcasts have different forms to learn: Verb Present participle être to be étant being avoir to have ayant having savoir to know sachant knowing Etant comme tu es, cela ne m'étonne pas Being like you are, I am not surprised Sachant ce que je sais maintenant, je ne veux plus le voir Knowing what I know now, I don't want to see him anymore Ayant fait mes devoirs, je suis allée courir Having done my homework, I went for a run Easy to make, slightly trickier to use… As you now know, it's very easy to form the present participle but the way in which you use them in a sentence can be a bit more problematic. The present participle cannot be used… To express the English progressive ("to be" + present participle) In English we say: “I am reading my book”. In French we say: « Je lis mon livre » literally "I read my book". Difficulty: The English phrase expresses something called the 'progressive' form of "to be" (reading) + present participle. There is no such form in French, therefore we must use the present. To replace an English gerund (noun ending in – ing) These examples show some correct ways to replace an English gerund: La lecture est fantastique Reading is fantastic Fumer est dangereux pour la santé Smoking is dangerous for your health Cela vous dérange que je parle ? Do you mind my talking? To express an infinitive clause in French In English we use a present participle: He spends his time reading comics. In French we use an infinitive clause: « Il passe son temps à lire des BD » : literally he spends his time “to read” comics. C'est tout pour aujourd'hui ! Culture Interactions with the family are shared during meals where you might talk about what you have done or what you will do. It will be mainly during breakfast and dinner time as most children stay at school for lunch time. Conversations are prioritized as the family sits down to eat and the TV is turned off. Libros Media Ltd. - Copyright 2004-2014 USA: 10660 Page Avenue, PO Box 1261, Fairfax, VA 22038, USA | Phone: 703-349-0452 Asia/Pacific: 2-1008 Ferry Road, Woolston, Christchurch 8023, New Zealand | Phone: +64-3-384-6350