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Ions, Electrolytes, and Free Radicals ⢠Free radicalsâchemical particles with an odd number of electrons ⢠Produced by â Normal metabolic reactions, radiation, chemicals ⢠Causes tissue damage â Reactions that destroy molecules â Causes cancer, death of heart tissue, and aging ⢠Antioxidants â Neutralize free radicals â In body, superoxide dismutase (SOD) converts superoxides into water and oxygen â In diet (selenium, vitamin E, vitamin C, carotenoids) 2-17