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Verb http://www.chompchomp.com/menu.htm The verb is about the noun. VERB IT’S WHAT YOU DO!!!! Verb A word that shows action, being or links a subject to a subject complement. The verb tells what the noun does or is. The verb is saying that the noun did something or that the noun is something. Action Verbs Action verbs show the action that the noun does. Josie paints. Action verbs might also show action on a direct object. (Direct Object) Josie paints houses. Linking Verbs Linking verbs link a subject to a complement. Most verbs show actions or make equations. >> Jane saw trees. (action) = Trees are green. (linking) action erb linking You must know the difference between action verbs and linking verbs! Auxiliary (helping) Verbs •In a simple tense the verb stands alone. Mr. Fitz mixed chemicals. •In a compound tense the verb is supplemented (helped) by an auxiliary verb. Mr. Fitz had mixed chemicals. (past perfect) The future and perfect tenses use auxiliary verbs. Helping Verbs is, am, are, was, were, be, being, been, has, have, had, do, does, did, shall, will, should, would, may, might, must, can, could End Part 1 The verb is about the noun. •Every sentence has a subject, and the verb (the predicate of the sentence) is about the subject. •The subject will always be a noun or a subject pronoun, and the simple predicate is the verb. Active Voice Verb •An active voice verb is an action verb that shows the subject acting. The cat attacked the mouse. Not The mouse was attacked by the cat IMPORTANT – Use the active voice in your writing for English and social studies!! Passive Voice Verb •A passive voice verb is an action verb that shows the subject passively being acted upon. The house was struck by lightning. (passive) Lightning struck the house. (active –More interesting!) Passive voice is used in scientific writing to create an inductive, objective tone. Subjects were given small amounts of water during the experiment. Four principle parts of the verb: •All verbs are made out of four primary forms that each verb possesses. the infinitive: to do (do), to smile (smile), to go (go) the present participle: doing, smiling, going the past: did, smiled, went the past participle: done,, smiled, gone Participles: http://www.chompchomp.com/terms/participle.htm Regular Verbs Most verbs make the four principle parts in a regular way. infinitive present participle past past participle to work working worked worked to jump jumping jumped jumped Irregular Verbs Many verbs have principle parts that are unique and have to be memorized. infinitive present participle past past participle to eat eating ate eaten to write writing wrote written to break breaking broke broken The present and past participles are usually formed with a form of the verb “be” (helping verbs) . Time makes verbs tense We live in a moving continuum of time. Time is always happening! Time is so important in our existence that we identify it in every sentence that we make! Tense gives sentences time. Time has six tenses •three ordinary tenses •three perfect tenses Six Verb Tenses 1. Present 4. Present Perfect 2.Past 5. Past Perfect 3.Future 6. Future Perfect Verbs have person second or third) Verbs have number (singular and plural) (first, Present Tense Singular First Person: Second Person: Third Person Plural I jump We jump You jump He, she it jumps You jump They jump Past Tense First Person: Second Person: Third Person I jumped We jumped You jumped He, she it jumped You jumped They jumped Future Tense First Person: Second Person: Third Person I will jump We will jump You will jump He, she it will jump You will jump They will jump Present Perfect Tense Singular First Person: Second Person: Third Person Plural I have jumped We have jumped You have jumped He, she it has jumped You have jumped They have jumped Past Perfect Tense First Person: Second Person: Third Person First Person: Second Person: Third Person: I had jumped We had jumped You had jumped He, she it had jumped You had jumped They had jumped Future Perfect Tense I will have jumped You will have jumped He, she it will have jumped We will have jumped You will have jumped They will have jumped What are perfect tenses? The word perfect comes from the Latin perficere, meaning “to finish”. The perfect tenses are the tenses of things that are finished, either finished in the past, finished in the present, or finished in the future. Think about it. We are finished with something that is perfect. Contractions A contraction is the combination of two or more parts of speech into one word such as don’t, they’re and it’s. Lots of verbs are combined with other parts of speech to form contractions. DO NOT USE CONTRACTIONS IN FORMAL ESSAYS! Contractions take away from the serious intellectual tone of a formal essay! From Oscar Wilde’s The Picture of Dorian Gray: He Parts was Subject linking brilliant, fantastic, irresponsible. adj. adj. adj. of Speech: pronoun verb Parts of Sentence: subject predicate -------compound subject complement-------Phrases: ----no prepositional, appositive, or verbal phrases---------- Clauses: one independent clause, a simple declarative sentence. This sentence by Oscar Wilde shows how a linking verb can make an equation. brilliant He was fantastic irresponsible He = brilliant, fantastic, irresponsible From Oscar Wilde’s The Picture of Dorian Gray: Parts of Speech: The massive megalith towered over him. adj. adj. subject action noun verb prep. Pro. Parts of Sentence: --------------subject ----------Phrases: Clauses: -------predicate -------------prepositional phrase one independent clause, a simple declarative sentence. megalith towered him