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Wilkins Crick Watson Franklin nucleotide • The offspring have Why copies do of the parents’ offspring chromosomes resemble theirsets • Chromosomes contain parents? of instructions • Those instructions are called GENES • Genes are made up of DNA In what year was DNA finally concluded to be genetic material? •1944 HINT: D-Day: This is the U.S. Coast Guard at Normandy •Phosphate 5-carbon sugar molecule (deoxyribose) the three parts of a NUCLEOTIDE • Nitrogen base ? The letters DNA stand for what words? •Deoxyribonucleic •acid 4 different NITROGEN bases •Adenine •Thymine •Guanine •cytosine Class of organic molecules for ADENINE and GUANINE •purines LARGE Class of organic molecules for thymine and cytosine •pyrimidines SMALL Purines have how many rings of carbon and nitrogen atoms? •2 Pyrimidines have how many rings of carbon and nitrogen atoms? •1 Base-pairing rule •Thymine always goes with Adenine •Cytosine always goes with Guanine 3 scientists who won the Nobel Prize by understanding the 3-deminsional structure of DNA •Watson, Crick and Wilkins 1953………Nobel Prize in 1962 Rosalind Franklin Only males were allowed in the university dining rooms, and after hours Franklin's colleagues went to menonly pubs. Describe a double helix Spiral staircase In the DNA structure of the ‘twisted ladder’ (spiral staircase) the rungs are held together by what bond? •HYDROGEN The process of making a new DNA strand is called •REPLICATION Before REPLICATION can begin •The double helix must be UNWOUND The UNWINDING of the DNA strand is accomplished by •ENZYMES • HELICASES called Differences between DNA and RNA DNA RNA 2 strands of nucleotides 5-carbon sugar deoxyribose (‘de’ means without an OH) thymine Single strand of nucleotides 5-Carbon ribose (sugar) Uracil Now you try it Draw 5 pairs of nucleotides, labeling each part.