Download Chapter 16 Objectives Starr Taggart 14

Chapter 16 Objectives Starr Taggart 14-15
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
Explain how observations from fossils, comparative morphology, patterns of development, and
comparative biochemistry are used to reconstruct the past.
Describe how Earth’s history has affected biological change.
Explain Aristotle's scala naturae (ladder/stairway of nature) and how they were transformed into a rigid
view of life.
Describe G. Cuvier's contribution to paleontology.
Explain how the principle of gradualism and C. Lyell's theory of uniformitarianism influenced Darwin's
ideas about evolution.
Describe J. B. Lamarck's model for how adaptations evolve.
Describe ho Darwin used his observations from the voyage of the HMs Beagle to formulate and support
his theory of evolution.
Describe how Alfred Russell Wallace influenced Darwin.
Explain what Darwin meant by the principle of common descent and descent with modification.
Explain what evidence convinced Darwin that species change over time
State 3 inferences Darwin made from his observations which led him to propose natural. selection as a
mechanism for evolutionary change.
Explain why variation is so important to Darwin's theory.
Explain how Thomas Malthus' essay influenced Darwin.
Distinguish between artificial selection and natural selection.
Describe the lines of evidence Darwin used to support the principle of common descent.
Describe how molecular biology can be used to study evolutionary relationships among organisms.
Explain why the population is the smallest unit that can evolve and why the emergence of population
genetics was an important turning point for evolutionary theory.
Using contemporary examples, explain how natural selection results in evolutionary change.
State what biologists generally accept as evidence that supports evolution.
KEY TERMS
Evidence
Theory
comparative morphology
catastrophism
theory of uniformity
fitness
mutation
fossilization
lineage
geologic time scale
Paleozoic
Archean eon
plate tectonics theory
naturalists
hypothesis
species
biogeography
fossils
evolution
mass extinction
inheritance of acquired characteristics
natural selection artificial selection
heritable
gene
allele
adaptive trait
fossil record
stratification
radiometric dating
half-life
macroevolution
Proterozoic
Mesozoic
Cenozoic
Pangea
continental drift
Gondwana
Evidence of Evolution
1