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Transcript
Diversity and Adaptations Adaptations • A characteristic, structure or behavior that helps an organism live. • Examples: We can separate adaptations into two categories: A D A Physical P T A T I O N S Behavioral Physical adaptations are body structures that allow an animal to find and consume food, defend itself, and to reproduce its species. Physical adaptations help an animal survive in its environment. © A. Weinberg Now let’s learn about Behavioral Adaptations… Behavioral Adaptations allow animals to respond to life needs. Adaptations help organisms: • • • • • Get food Protect themselves Move Reproduce Carry on the life processes Activity • Observe your hand. Notice the relationship of your thumb to the rest of your fingers. Note your thumb can move in a number of directions and angles. • Work with a partner. Perform the list of activities as you normally would paying attention to your thumb involvement. Record “thumb involvement” PART 2 • Tape your thumb to your palm and perform the same list of tasks. Don’t tape so tightly to cut off circulation! • Pay attention to any differences in performance. Analysis • Which tasks required least “thumb involvement”? Most? • Any correlation between thumb use and fine or gross motor skills? • Many scientists believe the opposable thumb has helped humans adapt to their environment and survive. • What are ways in which the use of the thumb enables humans to better survive in their environment? Terms to Know • Habitat: – An area or place where an organism lives Habitats include: Biotic and Abiotic Factors • Population: – A group of the same species that live in a particular area • Diversity: – The variety of life in a habitat Terms to Know (cont.) • Variation: – Differences between individuals within a species • Species: – Organisms that look similar and can interbreed • Evolution: – The process in which organisms change over time Charles Darwin The famous explorer H.M.S. Beagle • One of the most important voyages in history! GALAPAGOS ISLANDS • The Galapagos are an archipelago of several volcanic islands located in the Pacific Ocean, about 650 miles west of Ecuador. • The Blue-footed Boobie Giant Tortoises • The giant tortoise is probably the best known of all Galapagos animals and even gave the archipelago its name; 'Galapago' means tortoise in Spanish. Finches • 14 different species What is Natural Selection ? • Organisms that best adapt to a changing environment will survive. • Survival of the Fittest! • Examples from the Galapagos Islands Table Chat • Darwin refers to both Natural Selection and Artificial Selection. – What is the difference between the two? – Give an example of each Selective Breeding- what Darwin calls “Artificial” Selection -mating organisms to get the desired traits Examples: Worksheets • Bird Adaptations • Squirrels of the Grand Canyon • Why are some animals able to survive to adulthood and others are not?