Download Chapter 13.1 – 13.2: Origins of the Renaissance

Chapter 13.1 – 13.2: Origins of the
Renaissance
EQ: What changes in learning, philosophy, art, and
architecture occurred because of the rise of the Renaissance?
Q1: End of Feudalism
• Feudal system dies out due to:
• Plague
 (Black Death) killed 1/3 of work force, caused worker shortage and
movement of populations as people attempted to avoid plague
• Kings gain power
 As feudalism dies out Kings gain power while nobles lose power,
England and France become powerful countries in Europe
• The Crusades
 Created contacts with East, desire to trade goods with them
• Towns grow
 Stability increases throughout Europe, making trade safer
Q2: New Ways of Thinking
• Those who survived years of
plague and war want to
celebrate/enjoy life
• Growth of trade introduced new
goods and encouraged people to
think in new ways, such as new
philosophy of Humanism
• People eager for knowledge –
began relearning classical ideas
of Greece and Rome, combining
classical ideas with new thought
Q3: Humanism
• Study of classical ideas led to
Humanism
• Idea of Humanism focuses on
human beings and their
potential for achievement
• Stressed importance of
individual above everything
else
Q4: Humanist Thought
• Humanistic view differed from medieval thinking Humanism valued persons potential more than king or
church they belonged to
• Stressed importance of leading Christian life, but
challenged people to think for themselves too
• Think about Church teachings, not blindly accept
Church orders
: More About Humanism
FOR YOUR INFORMATION
• Classical Greek-Roman ideas of life and human worth
• God created us in his image, therefore all men must be worthy
• Man should develop his talents, strive toward self improvement
• Commitment to public service, help less fortunate
• Church is still very important, but it is no longer “all-important”
center of everyday life – life is to be lived with God in mind
• Encouraged and strengthened desire in people to experiment,
explore, and create
: More About Humanism
FOR YOUR INFORMATION
• Effects of Humanism:
– Greater appreciation for beautiful works of art and
fine craftsmanship
– Patrons of cities encouraged arts and sciences
– Creation of schools focused on humanities:
History, philosophy, Latin, Greek, art, etc
– Artists studied human form and tried to make
people look more like real people in artwork
Q5: The Renaissance
• Growth of cities, trade,
learning, and focus on human
achievement lead to the
Renaissance
– Renaissance = Rebirth
• Refers to time period of rebirth
of classical art and learning,
and new styles/ways of
creating and thinking
• Renaissance began in Italy and
spread throughout Europe
Q6: Growth of Renaissance
• Changes in methods of
communication (traveling/trade
becoming safer) during
Renaissance lead to easier
exchange and spread of ideas
across Europe
• Began in Italy due to to
numerous trade routes and
market towns in area
• Ruling class actively supported
artists/writers in Florence and
other Italian cities
Q7: Advances in Art
• Human figures in paintings
shown as more realistic
• Achieved three-dimensional
effect in painting through use
of perspective
• New technology in producing
paint allowed for new colors
Holbein’s, The Ambassadors, 1533
Multiple Perspectives
Q8: Engineering
• Breakthroughs in building
techniques
• Huge domes built on
cathedrals/churches now
possible
Filippo Brunelleschi
• Commissioned to
build the cathedral
dome.
– Used unique
architectural concepts.
 He studied the
ancient
Pantheon in Rome.
 Used ribs for support.
 Filippo Brunelleschi
1377 - 1436
 Architect
 Cuppolo of St. Maria
del Fiore
Comparing Domes
Other Famous Domes
Il Duomo
(Florence)
St. Peter’s
(Rome)
St. Paul’s
(London)
US capital
(Washington)
Summary
• Answer the EQ by writing a 3-6 sentence
summary.
• Remember the EQ was:
– EQ: What changes in learning, philosophy, art, and
architecture occurred because of the rise of the
Renaissance?